Buried seeds in arable soils in Scotland

Warwick, Monica A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1984.tb01563.x

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the U.K. there have been relatively few studies ofthe seed banks of arable land. Some of these have been restricted to individual sites (Brenchley & Warington, 1930;Roberts, 1958), others have involved a number of fields under farm (Milton, 1943;Warwick, 1984) or vegetable Roberts & Neilson, 1982) cropping. Such studies show the range in size of the seed bank and identify the species which are the main contributors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed banks of some arable soils in the English midlands

Roberts¹,

Chancellor²

1986

Weed Research

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Summary: Résumé: Zusammenfassung Numbers of viable seeds in the 0–15 cm soil layer were determined for 64 arable fields, mainly heavy soils cropped with cereals and leys, in north Oxfordshire and south Warwickshire. When first sampled in 1972 or 1973, there was a range from 1500 to 67 000 seeds m−2 with a median of 4360 m−2. Seeds of Poa annua L. occurred in all fields, often in large numbers (up to 35 550 m−2), while Polygonum aviculare L., Stellaria media (L.) Vill., Bilderdykia convolvulus (L.) Dumort., Aethusa cynapium L., Alopecurus myosuroides Huds., Veronica persica Poir., Chenopodium album L., Veronica arvensis L. and Capsella bursa‐pastoris (L.) Med. also occurred frequently. When the fields were sampled again 2 and 4 years later many showed little change either in total seed bank or in species representation. The most pronounced fluctuations involved the annual grasses A. myosuroides, which tended to increase where winter cereals were grown, and P. annua which increased where leys were established. The results are discussed in relation to crop management and compared with those from other surveys. Les stocks de graines dans quelques sols arables des Midlands d'Angleterre Le nombre des graines viables présentes entré 0 et 15 cm de profondeur a été déterminé pour 64 sols arables, principalement des sols lourds occupés par des céréales et des prairies temporaires, dans le nord de l'Oxfordshire et le sud du Warwickshire. Lors de la première estimation, en 1972 ou 1973, les comptages ont donné de 1500 à 67 000 graines m−2 avec une médiane de 4360. Des graines de Poa annua L. ont été trouvées dans tous les champs, souvent en grand nombre (jusqu'à 35 550 m−2); on a aussi trouvé fréquemment des graines de Polygonum aviculare L., Stellaria media (L.) Vill., Bilderdykia convolvulus (L.) Dumort., Aethusa cynapium L., Alopecurus myosuroides Huds., Veronica persica Poir., Chenopodium album L., Veronica arvensis L. et Capsella bursa‐pastoris (L.) Med. Beaucoup de dénombrements opérés 2 et 4 ans plus tard n'ont montré que peu de changements du nombre total de graines ou de la représentation des diverses espèces. Les fluctuations les plus notables ont été observées à propos des graminées annuelles A. myosuroides, qui tendaient à s'accroitre dans les cultures de céréales, et P. annua, qui augmentait dans les prairies temporaires. Les résultats sont discutés en relation avec la conduite des cultures et comparés avec ceux d'autres dénombrements. Samenvorrat in einigen Ackerböden in Mittelengland In den obersten 15 cm von 64, meist schweren, mit Getreide oder Grasgemischen bepflanzten Ackerböden im nördlichen Oxfordshire und südlichen Warwickshire wurde die Anzahl keimfähiger Samen bestimmt. Bei der ersten, 1972 oder 1973 erfolgten, Bestandesaufnahme wurden zwischen 1500 und 67 000, im Mittel 4360 Samen m−2 gezählt. In allen Böden wurden Samen von Poa annua L., oft in sehr grosser Zahl (bis zu 35 550 m−2), gefunden. Häufig waren auch Polygonum aviculare L., Stellaria media (L.) Vill., Bilderdykia convolvulus (L.) Dumort., ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed banks of some arable soils in the English midlands

Roberts¹,

Chancellor²

1986

Weed Research

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“…Rangos más estrechos fueron registrados en España por Carretero (1977) con valores de 1000-26000 sem/m 2 y por Lambelet-Haueter en Suiza (1986) con valores de 1300-16000 sem/m 2 (citados por Recasens, 1991). Rangos más amplios fueron reportados en Francia con valores de 400-86500 sem/m 2 (Barallis y Chadoeuf, 1987), en Escocia con valores de 0-170000 sem/m 2 (Warwick, 1984) La flora detectada en el suelo de los sitios estudiados se compone de 33 especies con una marcada disparidad en su contribución relativa al banco de semillas (Tabla 2). Digitaria sanguinalis es claramente la especie dominante aportando con casi el 43 % del banco, seguida de Polygonum aviculare con un aporte cercano al 15 %.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusionunclassified

Composicion y variabilidad espacialdel banco de semillas de malezas en un area agricolade azul (Argentina)

Requesens

Caramuzzino

1999

Planta daninha

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“…S. arvensis seed dormancy has long been documented [34,35], but the effect of tropospheric ozone over this seed trait has not been previously explored. Even though van Staden et al [46] reported that scarification did not affect S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its seeds usually germinate in spring after overwintering [32] and they present high levels of primary dormancy physically imposed by seed coats, allowing them to remain alive in the soil bank for a very long time [33]. Large and persistent soil seed banks have been reported in cultivated or abandoned fields [34,35]. The objective of this study was to elucidate whether prolonged exposure of a weed community to episodic and high ozone concentrations could result in adaptive changes in S.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone Exposure of a Weed Community Produces Adaptive Changes in Seed Populations of Spergula arvensis

et al. 2013

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Tropospheric ozone is one of the major drivers of global change. This stress factor alters plant growth and development. Ozone could act as a selection pressure on species communities composition, but also on population genetic background, thus affecting life history traits. Our objective was to evaluate the consequences of prolonged ozone exposure of a weed community on phenotypic traits of Spergula arvensis linked to persistence. Specifically, we predicted that the selection pressure exerted by high ozone concentrations as well as the concomitant changes in the weed community would drive population adaptive changes which will be reflected on seed germination, dormancy and longevity. In order to test seed viability and dormancy level, we conducted germination experiments for which we used seeds produced by S. arvensis plants grown within a weed community exposed to three ozone treatments during four years (0, 90 and 120 ppb). We also performed a soil seed bank experiment to test seed longevity with seeds coming from both the four-year ozone exposure experiment and from a short-term treatment conducted at ambient and added ozone concentrations. We found that prolonged ozone exposure produced changes in seed germination, dormancy and longevity, resulting in three S. arvensis populations. Seeds from the 90 ppb ozone selection treatment had the highest level of germination when stored at 75% RH and 25 °C and then scarified. These seeds showed the lowest dormancy level when being subjected to 5 ºC/5% RH and 25 ºC/75% followed by 5% RH storage conditions. Furthermore, ozone exposure increased seed persistence in the soil through a maternal effect. Given that tropospheric ozone is an important pollutant in rural areas, changes in seed traits due to ozone exposure could increase weed persistence in fields, thus affecting weed-crop interactions, which could ultimately reduce crop production.

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Buried seeds in arable soils in Scotland

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Seed banks of some arable soils in the English midlands

Seed banks of some arable soils in the English midlands

Composicion y variabilidad espacialdel banco de semillas de malezas en un area agricolade azul (Argentina)

Ozone Exposure of a Weed Community Produces Adaptive Changes in Seed Populations of Spergula arvensis

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