Burns: Classification, Pathophysiology, and Treatment: A Review

Żwierełło, Wojciech; Piorun, Krzysztof; Skórka-Majewicz, Marta; Maruszewska, Agnieszka; Antoniewski, Jacek; Gutowska, Izabela

doi:10.3390/ijms24043749

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 77 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Prompt identification of complications is essential, determining the accurate treatment and enhancing both the patient’s vital and functional prognosis. Changes in biological parameters play a crucial role in the prognosis of burn patients [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Thrombocytopenia in Severe Burn Injuries

Bordeanu-Diaconescu,

Grosu-Bularda,

Frunza

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and objectives: Burn injuries are the most severe type of trauma, with complex biological consequences associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Prompt recognition and management of burn-related complications are imperative for improving the vital and functional prognosis of the patient. Changes in biological parameters can be essential determinants in the prognosis of the burned patient. Thrombocytopenia in critically ill patients is linked to an elevated risk of mortality. We sought to investigate the significance of thrombocytopenia in severely burned patients while considering the limited available data in the literature. Materials and methods: A two-year retrospective study was conducted on 90 patients with severe burns admitted to our Burn Centre. Demographic data, burn lesion characteristics, and daily total blood counts, including platelet assessment, complications, and mortality, were recorded and analyzed. Results: Patients with extensive burns in our study had a poor prognosis based on their Abbreviated Burn Severity Index score (ABSI), age, percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) burned, presence of third-degree burns, and inhalation injuries. Regardless of the moment, patients with thrombocytopenia in our study died significantly more frequently. Compared with the survivors, the platelet count was significantly lower at any given time in the non-survivors group. Significant statistical associations between thrombocytopenia and ABSI score, burn surface area, presence of third-degree burns, and inhalation injuries were identified at different timeframes post-burn injury. Sepsis was encountered in one-third of the patients. Thrombocytopenia was more frequent in patients with sepsis who did not survive compared to survivors and did not normalize until the time of death. Conclusions: Thrombocytopenia represents an early indicator of severe complications and outcome predictor in severely burned patients. It is correlated with recognized negative prognostic factors and also with sepsis occurrence. Future research efforts should focus on refining early detection parameters and interventions to improve the prognosis of burn patients.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Thrombocytopenia in Severe Burn Injuries

Bordeanu-Diaconescu,

Grosu-Bularda,

Frunza

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 Skin grafting is generally an effective strategy for reconstructing partial and full-thickness burns, as it restores skin functionality and increases survival rates, especially in burn patients with a high total body surface area affected. 2,3 In instances where wounds are not suitable for skin grafting, the temporary application of interim treatments such as skin substitutes or negative pressure dressings can be beneficial. These solutions promote neovascularization of the wound bed, often enabling subsequent skin grafting in a two-stage process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Flap Failure and Complications in Acute Burns: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Kasmirski,

Alessandri-Bonetti,

Liu

et al. 2023

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Severe acute burn injuries represent a challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Free flap reconstruction might be required in cases of significant critical structure exposure and soft tissue deficits, when local options are unavailable. This study aimed to determine the free flap complication rate in acute burn patients. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines and registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (CRD42023404478). The following databases were accessed: Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The primary outcome was the free flap failure rate. Results: The study identified 31 articles for inclusion. A total of 427 patients (83.3% men, 16.7% women) accounting for 454 free flaps were included. The mean patient age was 36.21 [95% confidence interval (CI), 31.25–41.16]. Total free flap loss rate was 9.91% [95% CI, 7.48%–13.02%], and partial flap loss was 4.76% [95% CI, 2.66%–8.39%]. The rate of venous thrombosis was 6.41% [95% CI, 3.90%–10.36%] and arterial thrombosis was 5.08% [95% CI, 3.09%–8.26%]. Acute return to the operating room occurred in 20.63% [16.33%–25.71%] of cases. Stratified by body region, free flaps in the lower extremity had a failure rate of 8.33% [95% CI, 4.39%–15.24%], whereas in the upper extremity, the failure rate was 6.74% [95% CI, 3.95%–11.25%]. Conclusion: This study highlights the high risk of free flap complications and failure in acute burn patients.

show abstract

“…The main goal of early removal of necrotic tissue is to prevent infection. The necrotic eschar is an excellent breeding ground Life 2024, 14, 43 2 of 14 for microorganisms which, apart from stimulating a local inflammatory reaction and tissue infection, may end in systemic inflammatory reactions and lead to sepsis and multiple organ failure [4,5]. Advances in burn wound treatment allow for more effective removal of eschar using less invasive techniques, such as enzymatic debridement [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alloplastic Epidermal Skin Substitute in the Treatment of Burns

Barbachowska,

Korzeniowski,

Surowiecka

et al. 2023

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The goal of burn wound treatment is to ensure rapid epithelialization in superficial burns and the process of rebuilding the lost skin in deep burns. Topical treatment plays an important role. One of the innovations in the field of synthetic materials dedicated to the treatment of burns is epidermal skin substitutes. Since the introduction of Suprathel®, the alloplastic epidermal substitute, many research results have been published in which the authors investigated the properties and use of this substitute in the treatment of wounds of various origins, including burn wounds. Burn wounds cause both physical and psychological discomfort, which is why ensuring comfort during treatment is extremely important. Alloplastic epidermal substitute, due to its biodegradability, plasticity, no need to remove the dressing until healing, and the associated reduction in pain, is an alternative for treating burns, especially in children.

show abstract

Burns: Classification, Pathophysiology, and Treatment: A Review

Cited by 56 publications

References 77 publications

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Thrombocytopenia in Severe Burn Injuries

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Thrombocytopenia in Severe Burn Injuries

Free Flap Failure and Complications in Acute Burns: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Alloplastic Epidermal Skin Substitute in the Treatment of Burns

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About