Butadiene-Styrene Resinous Copolymers

D'lanni, J. D.; Hess, L. D.; Mast, W. C.

doi:10.1021/ie50494a021

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…The mechanical stability of GR-S type latex decreased partly with increase of butadiene in the copolymerization of butadiene and styrene at 50°C. whenever the chemical stability (resistance to coagulation by salt) increased (49). With an increase in the styrene of butadiene-styrene copolymers the rate of conversion increases, the rate of consumption of the modifier and the amount of modifier to reach a given viscosity decrease, the molecularweight approaches uniformity, the tendency toward gel formation decreases, and the tensile strength passes through a maximum (140).…”

Section: Rubber Derivatives and Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastomers

Fisher¹

1951

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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Section: Rubber Derivatives and Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastomers

Fisher¹

1951

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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Studies on polymer blends. II. Butadiene–styrene copolymers and polybutadiene–polystyrene blends

Shundo

Hidaka

Gotō

et al. 1968

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisThe properties of butadiene-styrene copolymers and of polybutadiene-polystyrene blends were compared. Polybutadiene, polystyrene, and four copolymers having styrene contents of 20,40,60, and 80% were prepared. The copolymers were compared with blends having various styrene contents and prepared by means of latex blending and roll blending. Vulcanizates were prepared by three different curing methods, i.e., sulfur cure, peroxide cure, and radiation cure. The results of the benzene extraction of three vulcanizates showed that the polystyrene blended was not cured by any of the curing methods used. The properties of the vulcanizates of the copolymers were markedly different from those of the blends, i.e., in the case of the blends the properties showed a linear relationship with their blending ratio, while in the copolymers the properties showed a curvilinear relationship which had an inflection point at a styrene content of about 60%. From this phenomenon of the copolymers, it was proposed that the second-order transition point of styrene is the cause of the properties showing this peculiar point. From the results, it was found that the behavior of styrene in copolymers is essentially different from that in blends. INTRODUCTIONRecently the consumption of butadiene-styrene rubber has increased rapidly, and in the rubber industry it has become an indispensable rubber.It is well known that in butadiene-styrene rubber the properties of the copolymer are affected by the bonded styrene content. As the quantity of bonded styrene is increased, the copolymer becomes less rubbery and more leatherlike and resinlike. Many studies concerning the processing method and the properties of the copolymers have been reported for copolymers having a commercially practical bonded styrene content, ie., SBR and high-styrene resin. However, copolymers containing styrene in amounts outside of the current practical range have not been studied extensively.There are a few studies on the relationship between the bonded styrene content and the properties of the A study on the methods of blending natural rubber with butadienestyrene rubber has been r e p~r t e d .~In order to clarify the difference between the properties of copolymers and of blends of the butadiene and styrene, copolymers having various styrene contents and physically blended mixtures of polybutadiene (rubber) with polystyrene (resin) having styrene contents corresponding to those of the copolymers were studied.The butadiene-styrene copolymers used were prepared on a pilot-plant scale for this study and had molecular weights of about 200,000. The blends were prepared by means of latex blending and roll blending. To study the differences in properties of the vulcanizates, both the copolymers and the blends were cured with sulfur, with peroxide, or by radiation.Results of benzene extractions of these vulcaniaates showed that the polystyrene blended was not cured by any of the curing systems.Results on the vulcanizates indicate that the properties of the blends, showed a lin...

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Ideal copolymers and the second‐order transitions of synthetic rubbers. i. non‐crystalline copolymers

Gordon¹,

Taylor²

1952

J. Appl. Chem.

2,348

864

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Theoretical and practical evidence is put forward to show that copolymers can be treated like solutions of small molecules in the interpretation of packing phenomena, and that ideal volumeadditivity of the repeating units in copolymers is frequently realized. On this basis equations are derived for predicting 0, the second-order transition temperature, of binary copolymers from the two second-order transition temperatures of the pure polymers and their coefficients of expansion in the glassy and rubbery states. Previous mechanistic theories of the second-order transition temperature of such copolymers are thus superseded by a general reduction of the problem to the mechanism of thermal expansion. Practical applications to the choice of monomers in producing synthetic rubbers are outlined, and attention is drawn to the importance of second-order transitions in kinetic measurements on the reactions of polymers. Derivation of theoryMeasurements of density, d, preferably expressed as specific volume, V = Ild, are easy to make and give direct evidence of the packing together of molecules in various states. For ordinary small molecules such measurements are interpreted in terms of partial specific volumes of the components (see Lewis & Randall, 1923)~ and the same treatment has been applied to solutions of polymers in small molecules (Heller & Thompson, 1951). If two liquids mix without change of volume, a plot of V against weight fraction c, is linear and the two partial specific volumes are constant. We extend this treatment to the monomeric units of a polymer and show by theoretical and practical evidence that this linearity, reflecting volume additivity of the units, is common both in the rubbery and in the glassy states. We are thus led to a simple law of ideal copolymers, corresponding to that of ordinary ideal solutions, which postulates a constant rubber volume ~V R and a constant glass volume iVG at each temperature for the ith species of repeating unit in all its ideal rubbery and glassy copolymers, these two constants being equal to the specific volume of the pure polymer in these two states. If, then, we consider a copolymer made up of two components whose pure polymers are both rubbers (at the temperature under consideration) the specific volume of the copolymer containing a fraction c2 of component (2) will be given by:A similar argument applies when both pure polymers are glasses, but the situation is more complex when one (which we shall always denote by i = I) is a rubber above its transition temperature O,, and the other is a glass (i = 2) below its transition temperature Oz. Our postulate implies that the state, rubbery or glassy, of the particular copolymer considered determines whether the rubbery or glassy volumes of both components enter into the specific-volume equation:For any temperature T lying between 0, and 8, there will be a composition at which the copolymer has its transition temperature 8 at T. It is clear from the foregoing that at this point the plot of V against c2 will change slope ...

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Butadiene-Styrene Resinous Copolymers

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Elastomers

Elastomers

Studies on polymer blends. II. Butadiene–styrene copolymers and polybutadiene–polystyrene blends

Ideal copolymers and the second‐order transitions of synthetic rubbers. i. non‐crystalline copolymers

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