Butyrate as a Potential Driver of a Dysbiotic Shift of the Tongue Microbiota

Chen, Bou-Jon; Takeshita, Toru; Tajikara, Teppei; Asakawa, Mikari; Kageyama, Shinya; Shibata, Yukie; Ayukawa, Yasunori; Yano, Yoshitaka; Yamashita, Yoshihisa

doi:10.1128/msphere.00490-22

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…On the other hand, butyrate is also produced via amino acid metabolic pathways by some pathobionts, including Fusobacterium [38], which was found to be enriched in non-responders. Finally, it was recently found that increasing butyric acid concentrations were associated with the relative abundance of several taxa, such as Actinomyces, Streptococcus, and Veillonella [39], which were also enriched in non-responders. On the other hand, responders showed elevated fecal levels of 2-hexanone, anethole, 2H-indol-2-one, 1,3-dihydro-, and 1-hexanol 2-ethyl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gut Microbiota, Metabolome, and Body Composition Signatures of Response to Therapy in Patients with Advanced Melanoma

Vandoni

D’Amico

Fabbrini

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Despite the recent breakthroughs in targeted and immunotherapy for melanoma, the overall survival rate remains low. In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to the gut microbiota and other modifiable patient factors (e.g., diet and body composition), though their role in influencing therapeutic responses has yet to be defined. Here, we characterized a cohort of 31 patients with unresectable IIIC-IV-stage cutaneous melanoma prior to initiation of targeted or first-line immunotherapy via the following methods: (i) fecal microbiome and metabolome via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, respectively, and (ii) anthropometry, body composition, nutritional status, physical activity, biochemical parameters, and immunoprofiling. According to our data, patients subsequently classified as responders were obese (i.e., with high body mass index and high levels of total, visceral, subcutaneous, and intramuscular adipose tissue), non-sarcopenic, and enriched in certain fecal taxa (e.g., Phascolarctobacterium) and metabolites (e.g., anethole), which were potentially endowed with immunostimulatory and oncoprotective activities. On the other hand, non-response was associated with increased proportions of Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Veillonella, Dorea, Fusobacterium, higher neutrophil levels (and a higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), and higher fecal levels of butyric acid and its esters, which also correlated with decreased survival. This exploratory study provides an integrated list of potential early prognostic biomarkers that could improve the clinical management of patients with advanced melanoma, in particular by guiding the design of adjuvant therapeutic strategies to improve treatment response and support long-term health improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gut Microbiota, Metabolome, and Body Composition Signatures of Response to Therapy in Patients with Advanced Melanoma

Vandoni

D’Amico

Fabbrini

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The oral cavity is a potential reservoir of gram-negative antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, which are correlated with ageing and the number of teeth

Kawayanagi,

Kawada-Matsuo,

Takeshita

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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The Intersection of the Oral Microbiome and Salivary Metabolites in Head and Neck Cancer: From Diagnosis to Treatment

Gonzalez Agurto,

Olivares,

Canedo-Marroquin

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are the seventh most common cancer worldwide, accounting for 4–5% of all malignancies. Salivary metabolites, which serve as key metabolic intermediates and cell-signalling molecules, are emerging as potential diagnostic biomarkers for HNC. While current research has largely concentrated on these metabolites as biomarkers, a critical gap remains in understanding their fluctuations before and after treatment, as well as their involvement in oral side effects. Recent studies emphasise the role of the oral microbiome and its metabolic activity in cancer progression and treatment efficacy by bacterial metabolites and virulence factors. Oral bacteria, such as P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum, contribute to a pro-inflammatory environment that promotes tumour growth. Additionally, F. nucleatum enhances its virulence through flagellar assembly and iron transport mechanisms, facilitating tumour invasion and survival. Moreover, alterations in the oral microbiome can influence chemotherapy efficacy and toxicity through the microbiota–host irinotecan axis, highlighting the complex interplay between microbial communities and therapeutic outcomes. Salivary metabolite profiles are influenced by factors such as gender, methods, and patient habits like smoking—a major risk factor for HNC. Radiotherapy (RT), a key treatment for HNC, often causes side effects such as xerostomia, oral mucositis, and swallowing difficulties which impact survivors’ quality of life. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) aims to improve treatment outcomes and minimise side effects but can still lead to significant salivary gland dysfunction and associated complications. This review underscores the microbial and host interactions affecting salivary metabolites and their implications for cancer treatment and patient outcomes.

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Butyrate as a Potential Driver of a Dysbiotic Shift of the Tongue Microbiota

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Gut Microbiota, Metabolome, and Body Composition Signatures of Response to Therapy in Patients with Advanced Melanoma

Gut Microbiota, Metabolome, and Body Composition Signatures of Response to Therapy in Patients with Advanced Melanoma

The oral cavity is a potential reservoir of gram-negative antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, which are correlated with ageing and the number of teeth

The Intersection of the Oral Microbiome and Salivary Metabolites in Head and Neck Cancer: From Diagnosis to Treatment

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