BVA resonators and oscillators: a review. Relation with space requirements and quartz material characterization

Besson, R.J.; Boy, J.J.; Mourey, M.

doi:10.1109/freq.1995.484059

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A BVA resonator (Boîtierá Vieillissement Amélioré, Enclosure with Improved Aging), is a quartz resonator designed for high-Q clock oscillators [64]. The resonator described here is formed from a disk of L = 6.5 mm radius and t = 1 mm thickness mechanically clamped at its rim (see Fig.…”

Section: Ion Coupled To a Quartz Resonatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid quantum systems with trapped charged particles

2017

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Trapped charged particles have been at the forefront of quantum information processing (QIP) for a few decades now, with deterministic two-qubit logic gates reaching record fidelities of 99.9% and single qubit operations of much higher fidelity. In a hybrid system involving trapped charges, quantum degrees of freedom of macroscopic objects such as bulk acoustic resonators, superconducting circuits or nano-mechanical membranes, couple to the trapped charges and ideally inherit the coherent properties of the charges. The hybrid system therefore implements a "quantum transducer", where the quantum reality (i.e. superpositions and entanglement) of small objects is extended to include the larger object. Although a hybrid quantum system with trapped charges could be valuable both for fundamental research and for QIP application, no such system exists today. Here we study theoretically the possibilities of coupling the quantum mechanical motion of a trapped charged particle (e.g. ion or electron) to quantum degrees of freedom of superconducting devices, nano-mechanical resonators and quartz bulk acoustic wave resonators. For each case, we estimate the coupling rate between the charged particle and its macroscopic counterpart and compare it to the decoherence rate, i.e. the rate at which quantum superposition decays. A hybrid system can only be considered quantum if the coupling rate significantly exceeds all decoherence rates. Our approach is to examine specific examples, using parameters that are experimentally attainable in the foreseeable future. We conclude that those hybrid quantum system considered involving an atomic ion are unfavorable, compared to using an electron, since the coupling rates between the charged particle and its counterpart are slower than the expected decoherence rates. A system based on trapped electrons, on the other hand, might have coupling rates which significantly exceed decoherence rates. Moreover it might have appealing properties such as fast entangling gates, long coherence and flexible electron interconnectivity topology. Realizing such a system, however, is technologically challenging, since it requires accommodating both trapping technology and superconducting circuitry in a compatible manner. We review some of the challenges involved, such as the required trap parameters, electron sources, electrical circuitry and cooling schemes in order to promote further investigations towards the realization of such a hybrid system. CONTENTS

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Section: Ion Coupled To a Quartz Resonatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid quantum systems with trapped charged particles

2017

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“…The model is applied to third overtone, SC-cut, 10 MHz BVA resonators [23]. For both resonators, the motional resistor R,i is set at 100 0.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of a short-term stability measuring system of quartz crystal resonators

Sthal

Mourey²

1999

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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A new numerical model of a short-term stability measuring system of quartz crystal resonators is presented. It is based on the phase bridge method using a pair of resonators driven by a low-noise source. The output signal, obtained with a phase detector, is proportional to the phase difference introduced by the resonators. The numerical transfer function of each bridge path is given by the model. The output spectral density of the phase fluctuations is computed from these transfer functions and the numerical approximation of the low-noise source. The model was applied to third overtone, SC-cut, 10 MHz BVA quartz crystal resonators. It enables the rejection of the source noise versus the resonant frequency of quartz crystal resonators to be quantified.

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“…Another lead is contactless electrode devices that can beconsidered thanks to new technological approaches such as wafer level bonding and DRIE [12] (Figure 7). Assuming no damping is induced by such systems as BVAs [10], the quality factor is assumed to be Q ≥ 1 000 000 and we studied by finite element analysis the evolution of Rm regarding the gap. By comparison with the first approach of electrode design optimization, to be competitive (i.e.…”

Section: A Influence Of the Location Of Electrodes On The Beam Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Gold thin film viscoelastic losses of a length extension mode resonator

Bourgeteau-Verlhac¹,

Lévy²,

Perrier³

et al. 2016

2016 European Frequency and Time Forum (EFTF)

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In [1] we presented a new length extension mode (LEM) piezoelectric micro-resonator. Thanks to a specific design, anchor losses were lowered to maximize the Q.f product and the resonator. Viscous fluid damping is neglected since the resonator is under vacuum and so is the thermoelastic damping for a length extension mode. With a Q predicted over one million the resonator is well suited for MEMS oscillator devices. Nevertheless it appears that one remaining loss source was not evaluated through our previous work: the viscoelastic damping arising from the presence of gold electrodes on the resonator surface. To investigate the influence of the gold thin film on this new resonator, we studied several papers on the quality factor of gold coated resonators and deduced a frequency dependence of the viscoelastic behavior of the gold thin film. This dependence shows that the damping for the LEM resonator won't be as important as firstly predicted and is compliant for time and frequency applications. Furthermore, the damping can be reduced to improve the quality factor with new electrode designs. These designs shall also provide low motional resistances in order not to deteriorate the phase noise far from the carrier. Two different approaches are compared to reduce electrode damping for the LEM resonator: contactless electrodes and partial electrode coating on the resonator surface. It appears that both approaches are interesting regarding the available processing technologies and give promising phase noise predictions.

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BVA resonators and oscillators: a review. Relation with space requirements and quartz material characterization

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Hybrid quantum systems with trapped charged particles

Hybrid quantum systems with trapped charged particles

Modeling of a short-term stability measuring system of quartz crystal resonators

Gold thin film viscoelastic losses of a length extension mode resonator

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