Ca/In micro alloying as a novel strategy to simultaneously enhance power and energy density of primary Mg-air batteries from anode aspect

Deng, Min; Wang, Linqian; Höche, Daniel; Lamaka, Sviatlana V.; Jiang, Pingli; Snihirova, Darya; Scharnagl, Nico; Zheludkevich, Mikhail L.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228528

Cited by 88 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…However, the specific energy density deteriorates when the current density increases from 5 to 10 mA·cm –2 . Figure c compares the battery performance of Mg–air batteries at a current density of 10 mA·cm –2 in the present study and recently published investigations. ,,− ,,,,,,,− The anodic efficiencies of solid-solution-treated alloys in this work are very good. However, their operating voltages are in the middle of range.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…1−5 The oxygen from the air works as a cathode and can reduce the total weight of the battery system. 6 The Mg−air battery as a type of metal− air battery has attracted much attention because of its high theoretical voltage (3.1 V), energy density (6.8 kWh•kg −1 ), safety, and low cost. 1 In addition, the electrolytes of Mg−air primary batteries are simple saline aqueous solutions that are nonpollutants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metal–air batteries have attracted much attention because of their high theoretical voltage and energy densities, such as Li–air (2.91 V, 13.0 kWh·kg –1 ), Na–air (2.3 V, 1.6 kWh·kg –1 ), and Zn–air (1.65 V, 1.65 kWh·kg –1 ) batteries. − The oxygen from the air works as a cathode and can reduce the total weight of the battery system . The Mg–air battery as a type of metal–air battery has attracted much attention because of its high theoretical voltage (3.1 V), energy density (6.8 kWh·kg –1 ), safety, and low cost .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alloying various elements in the Mg alloy anode is one of the effective methods to improve self-corrosion and discharge performance. ,− The solid-solution treatment has been demonstrated as an effective method to improve the toughness and corrosion resistance of alloys − because the excess secondary phases are fully dissolved in the matrix to obtain the oversaturated solid solution through this process. The corrosion mechanisms of pure Mg and solid-solution-treated Mg alloys were well studied in air and aqueous solution. ,− The solution treatment enhances more than 60% of corrosion resistance compared with the as-cast alloys as a result of uniform distribution of cathodic (intermetallics) and anodic (α-Mg) phases or the dissolved second phase in the Mg alloys .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Solid-Solution-Treated Alloy Anodes for Magnesium–Air Batteries

Tong

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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This work studies the properties of magnesium (Mg) alloy−air batteries with solution-treated alloys. Both Zn and Sn are eco-friendly elements with high solubilities in Mg. The effect of solid-solution Zn and Sn on Mg alloys has been studied as the anode material in Mg−air batteries. The preferred corrosion orientation extending along the (0001) basal plane has been found in pure Mg and Mg alloy anodes. Alloying Sn and Zn can alleviate the preferred corrosion during discharge. The main discharge product is Mg(OH) 2 , containing two kinds of structures�the microsized products close to the anode have a high content of ZnO/Zn(OH) 2 and SnO 1−2 oxide and the nanosized products close to the cathode. Solution-treated Mg−2 wt % Zn−3 wt % Sn alloy anodes have outstanding battery performance with a high energy density of 1594 mWh g −1 at 5 mA cm −2 , an anodic efficiency of 60.35%, and a specific density of 1291 mAh g −1 at 10 mA cm −2 .

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Solid-Solution-Treated Alloy Anodes for Magnesium–Air Batteries

Tong

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…It is noteworthy that alloying can dramatically improve the properties of Mg anodes through controlling microstructure and chemical composition, and elements such as Al, Sn, Ca, Ga, Ge, Cu, Pb, as well as rare earth elements have been studied extensively. [28][29][30][31] For example, Deng et al 32 declared that Ca and In micro-alloying could suppress the negative differential effect (NDE) of Mg-based alloys, thereby markedly encouraging the discharge properties of Mg-air batteries. Zou et al 33 showed the Ga element was beneficial in reducing the self-corrosion and increasing the discharge performance of AZ80 anode.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ba micro‐alloying on electrochemical and discharge behaviors of Mg‐Al anodes for mg‐air primary battery

Zou

Jia

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Herein, we report a new strategy of Ba micro-alloying to enhance the anode properties of the Mg-air primary battery anode materials. The influence of Ba micro-alloying on electrochemical behavior, corrosion resistance, and discharge properties of Mg-6Al anodes in Mg-air batteries was specifically investigated. Ba micro-alloying markedly improved the corrosion resistance of Mg-6Al alloys, which was due to the grain refinement and the inhibition of the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction. However, when Ba content reached 0.7 wt.%, the coarse Al 13 Ba 7 phase accelerated the galvanic corrosion and increased the corrosion rate. Moreover, the Mg-6Al-0.4Ba anode had the optimal discharge capacity and anode efficiency at 20 mA cm À2 with 893.66 mAh g À1 and 39.36%, respectively, which was 22.1% and 22.4% higher than that of the Mg-6Al anode. The enrichment of discharge properties was attributed to the refinement of grains and the improvement of the self-corrosion resistance. In addition, Ba micro-alloying improved the absorption capacity of the anode, which was conducive to the selfexfoliation of the discharge products. The Novelty StatementThis paper prepared the Mg-6Al-xBa anodes by Ba micro-alloying to enhance the discharge properties. The generation of Al 13 Ba 7 phase and the refinement of grains caused by Ba addition reduced the corrosion rate and increased the discharge capacity and anodic efficiency of Mg-6Al alloy. Thus, Ba micro-alloying can improve the corrosion resistance and discharge performance of Mg-6Al alloy.

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Effect of Rolling Deformation on Corrosion and Discharge Behavior of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

Huang

Pei

et al. 2022

Adv Eng Mater

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The corrosion and discharge behaviors of AZ91 magnesium alloy after hot rolling with different deformations (0%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) are systematically studied in this article. The results indicate that AZ91 without rolling deformation (0% rolling deformation) possesses the most outstanding corrosion resistance; at high current densities (40, 50 mA cm−2), the discharge activity of AZ91 after hot rolling with 20% deformation is optimal, while 0% rolling deformation shows the most excellent discharge activity at low current densities (5, 10 mA cm−2). Combined with the observation results of microstructure, it demonstrates that the corrosion resistance and discharge activity of AZ91 are closely related to the fragmentation of the second phase, the distribution of the second phase at the grain boundary, and the increase of the grain boundary after hot rolling.

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Ca/In micro alloying as a novel strategy to simultaneously enhance power and energy density of primary Mg-air batteries from anode aspect

Cited by 88 publications

References 58 publications

Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Solid-Solution-Treated Alloy Anodes for Magnesium–Air Batteries

Discharge Behavior and Mechanism of Solid-Solution-Treated Alloy Anodes for Magnesium–Air Batteries

Influence of Ba micro‐alloying on electrochemical and discharge behaviors of Mg‐Al anodes for mg‐air primary battery

Effect of Rolling Deformation on Corrosion and Discharge Behavior of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

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