Ca2+-Dependent Caspase Activation by Gallic Acid Derivatives.

Neuroprotective Properties of Gallic Acid from Sanguisorbae Radix on Amyloid .BETA. Protein (25-35)-Induced Toxicity in Cultured Rat Cortical Neurons

“…The increase of [Ca 2ϩ ] i and ROS generation and then caspase activation have been proposed as a major signaling pathway for the cytotoxic activity of gallic acid in tumor cell lines. 38,39) Gallic acid, indeed, produced a marked neuronal death without prevention of Ab (25-35)-induced neuronal death of cultured cortical neurons at the concentrations of more than 10 mM in the present study. Moreover, 10 mM gallic acid and Ab (25-35) did not produce an additive effect in neurotoxicity response.…”

“…Gallic acid was found to induce apoptosis in tumor cells with higher sensitivity than normal cells. [13][14][15] This compound has also been described as an excellent free radical scavenger. 16) Due to this antioxidant effect, gallic acid containing plant extracts have showed the antidiabetic, antiangiogenic and antimelanogenic effects and reduced heart infarction incidence and oxidative liver and kidney damage.…”

Role of Ca(2+) in diallyl disulfide-induced apoptotic cell death of HCT-15 cells

“…The reverse pathway has been also reported. For example, gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), a naturally occurring plant phenol, increased both the elevation of intracellular Ca 2+ and production of H 2 O 2 in HL-60RG cells (Isuzugawa et al, 2001). However, the change of intracellular Ca 2+ levels was secondary to H 2 O 2 generation.…”

Antiproliferative Constituents in the Plant 8. Seeds of Rhynchosia volubilis.

“…There might be some factors other than the numbers of the galloyl group and the presence/absence of the free carboxyl group for polyphenols to exhibit antiproliferative activity. Since Inoue et al reported that the mechanism of apoptosis by 2 was different than that by its ester derivative (GD-1: 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate), 13,14) it would be necessary to accumulate the activity data of a variety of polyphenols in order to discuss the structure-activity relationship.…”