“…Subjects in four studies did not consume the CHO and CAF at the same time points: CAF was consumed either 3 hr before beginning exercise (Eschbach et al, 2002), 1 hr before beginning exercise (Rehrer et al, 1997), or 1 hr before and during exercise (Cox Studies A and B;Cox et al, 2002). The CAF was ingested in the form of a capsule Cox et al, 2002;Eschbach et al, 2002;Hunter et al, 2002;Jacobson et al, 2001;Rehrer et al, 1997;Slivka et al, 2008), dissolved in a drink (Cureton et al, 2007;Ganio et al, 2007;Hulston & Jeukendrup, 2008;King et al, 2006;Kovacs et al, 1998;MacLeod, 2004;Sasaki et al, 1987;van Nieuwenhoven et al, 2005), or contained in a performance bar (Hogervorst et al, 2008). Only three studies used a CHO condition that contained only CHO (plus flavoring; MacLeod, 2004;Rehrer et al, 1997;Sasaki et al, 1987).…”