Calcined eggshell as a cost effective material for removal of dyes from aqueous solution

Abstract

The removal of Rhodamine B, Eriochrome black T and Murexide dyes from aqueous solutions using calcined eggshell powder were investigated. In this study, calcined eggshell powder was applied for its potential use as an adsorbent for the removal of Rhodamine B, Eriochrome black T and Murexide dyes from their aqueous solutions. The calcined eggshell powder obtained was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The various parameters such as initial concentration, pH, adsorbent dose and contact time were studied. Various isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were applied for the equilibrium adsorption data. The kinetic study of Rhodamine B, Eriochrome black T and Murexide dyes on calcined eggshell powder follows pseudo-second order kinetics.

Evolution and characterization of eggshell as a potential candidate of raw material

“…Formation of Ca(OH) 2 during the process of calcination is a very common incident and viewed by several researchers during synthesizing CaO [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Extreme hygroscopic nature of lime (CaO) could end up with the formation of Ca(OH) 2 .…”

“…Different types of adsorbents are used for this purpose. Literature survey revealed the expensive, complex synthetizations of adsorbents could be avoided by consuming waste eggshells [7,8]. Tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) are extensively studied biocompatible materials that can be prepared from natural calcium sources like eggshells, fish bones, sea shells, etc.…”

Eco-Friendly Photocatalyst Derived from Egg Shell Waste for Dye Degradation

“…erefore, this material serves as an effective surface for dye adsorption processes. ere have been studies conducted for the use of egg shell powder and egg shell membrane for dye removal [32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Furthermore, egg shell powder has been used to develop several composite materials for dye removal incorporating TiO 2 , polymer, and clay materials [39][40][41][42].…”

“…e term calcination is defined as the heating of a substance to high temperature allowing oxidation and release of any volatile substances [43]. In many papers, calcined egg shell powder indicates well purified and dried egg shell powder (100-120°C) [36]. However, in in this paper, the "calcined egg shell powder (CESP) denotes egg shell powder heated at 900°C which is above the decomposition temperature of calcium carbonate.…”

Adsorptive Removal of Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R Dye from Aqueous Solutions using Calcined Eggshell as Biosorbent

“…BCF was calculated based on the concentration of the aqueous solution in equilibrium and the concentration of paint on the surface of the calcined eggshell. According to the work of Milinki, 44 biosorbents can be grouped according to their bioconcentration value as: BCF > 3 large, 1.5 < BCF < 3 medium, BCF < 1.5 small tendency. Five different concentrations (20-100 mg/L) were determined for the BCF (Figure 11).…”