2023
DOI: 10.3390/ma16052020
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Calcium-Based Binders in Concrete or Soil Stabilization: Challenges, Problems, and Calcined Clay as Partial Replacement to Produce Low-Carbon Cement

Abstract: Calcium-based binders, such as ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and lime (CaO), are the most common artificial cementitious materials used worldwide for concrete and soil improvement. However, using cement and lime has become one of the main concerns for engineers because they negatively affect the environment and economy, prompting research into alternative materials. The energy consumption involved in producing cementitious materials is high, and the subsequent CO2 emissions account for 8% of the total CO2 emi… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(1 citation statement)
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“…It must be underlined that methods of soil/tailing stabilization are subject to current development and valuable contributions concerning both sources of contamination and protective measures are being published worldwide [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It must be underlined that methods of soil/tailing stabilization are subject to current development and valuable contributions concerning both sources of contamination and protective measures are being published worldwide [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%