Calcium Effects on Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of the Rabbit Urinary Bladder Muscle and Mucosa

Fitzpatrick, Brittany; Schuler, Catherine; Leggett, Robert E.; Levin, Robert M.

doi:10.1159/000333144

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Solution A consisted of 0.76 mg xanthine in 10 mL of 0.001N NaOH, as well as 50 mg cytochrome C and 3.7 mg EDTA (0.1 mmol/L) in 100 mL of 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer. Solution B was prepared at a ratio of 12 uL of xanthine oxidase to 1 mL of 0.1 mmol/L EDTA …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the catalase assay, the slopes were calculated in optical density/min/mg protein. The higher slopes represented correspondingly higher catalase activity . A protein assay was carried out on the 200 mg/mL samples in order to normalize the data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solution B was prepared at a ratio of 12 uL of xanthine oxidase to 1 mL of 0.1 mmol/L EDTA. 11,17 The catalase assay was carried out by adding 25 uL of each 200 mg/mL sample to 1.5 mL of a H2O2 buffer solution and scanning the samples in the U-2001 Spectrophotometer. A control was also run using 25 uL of phosphate buffer instead of a sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The higher slopes represented correspondingly higher catalase activity. 14,17 A protein assay was carried out on the 200 mg/mL samples in order to normalize the data. Figure 1a shows the catalase activity for the muscle and mucosa separated by duration of obstruction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of severity and duration of bladder outlet obstruction on catalase and superoxide dismutase activity

et al. 2013

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Abbreviations & AcronymsObjectives: To study the effects of partial bladder outlet obstruction on the cell's anti-oxidant defense mechanisms, superoxide dismutase and catalase, in order to elucidate how the bladder responds to oxidative stress. Methods: Four groups of eight rabbits were subjected to partial bladder outlet obstruction for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Eight sham rabbits were used as the control group. The bladders were removed under anesthesia, and the muscle and mucosa were separated, frozen and stored at -80°C for analysis. Superoxide dismutase and catalase assays were carried out on these tissues. The groups were also categorized by severity (mild, intermediate and severe) of decompensation, as well as duration. Results: When separated by duration, catalase activity of the mucosa was significantly higher in the control and the 12-weeks obstructed rabbits. This activity was lower than the control in the 4-and 8-weeks obstructed rabbits. When separated by severity, catalase activity of the mucosa was significantly higher and severely decompensated than the muscle in the controls. When separated by duration or severity, superoxide dismutase activity of the muscle was significantly lower than controls for all obstructed rabbits. The activities of both superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly reduced in the severely decompensated bladder smooth muscle, but not in the 12-weeks obstructed bladder smooth muscle. Conclusions: Partial bladder outlet obstruction has significant effects on the activity of both superoxide dismutase and catalase in the bladder, with variations that are dependent on the severity and duration of the obstruction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of severity and duration of bladder outlet obstruction on catalase and superoxide dismutase activity

et al. 2013

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“…In our pilot study, OS biomarkers included MDA, catalase and SOD. Experimental studies showed that both the SOD and catalase activities are calcium - sensitive and changes in their activity would be expected to occur during ischemia, which can result in decreased antioxidant capacity of the bladder smooth muscle and mucosa (31). Hence, there sensitivity and specificity issues related to distinct OS biomarkers and caution should be exercised in interpreting the results of such studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in the bladder of men with LUTS undergoing open prostatectomy: a pilot study

et al. 2018

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Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the link between preoperative parameters and oxidative stress (OS) markers in the bladder wall of men undergoing open prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: From July 2014 to August 2016, men aged ≥ 50 years and presenting with LUTS were prospectively enrolled. Preoperative assessment included validated questionnaires (IPSS and OAB - V8), lower urinary tract ultrasound and urodynamics. Bladder biopsies were taken during open prostatectomy for determination of OS markers. Increased OS was defined by increased concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and / or decreased concentration of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and / or catalase). P<0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: Thirty - eight consecutive patients were included. Mean age was 66.36 ± 6.44 years, mean prostate volume was 77.7 ± 20.63 cm3, and mean IPSS was 11.05 ± 8.72 points. MDA concentration was increased in men with severe bladder outlet obstruction (BOO grade V - VI according to the Schaefer's nomogram) in comparison with BOO grade III - IV (p = 0.022). Patients with severe LUTS also had higher MDA concentration when compared to those with mild LUTS (p = 0.031). There was a statistically significant association between increased post - void residual urine (cut off ≥ 50 mL) and not only higher levels of MDA, but also reduced activity of SOD and catalase (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This pilot study showed that severity of LUTS and BOO were associated with increased MDA concentration in the bladder wall of men undergoing open prostatectomy. Further studies are still needed to assess the role of non - invasive biomarkers of OS in predicting bladder dysfunction in men with LUTS.

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The effect of partial outlet obstruction on calpain and phospholipase-2 activities: analyzed by severity and duration

et al. 2013

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In an attempt to better understand the two pathways that lead to bladder decompensation following partial obstruction in rabbits one of which is caused by calcium-activated enzymes and the other by oxidative stress, calpain and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) biochemical assays were conducted to see how bladder decompensation is mediated by these two calcium-activated enzymes. Partial outlet obstructions of varying durations (4, 8, and 12 weeks plus controls) were performed on 32 New Zealand white rabbits. The rabbits were also grouped by severity: control, mild, intermediate, and severe. The activities of Calpain and PLA2 on the muscle tissue of the bladders were analyzed. A stronger correlation was seen between activities and severities as opposed to between activities and durations for both PLA2 and calpain. The activity for PLA2 increased dramatically from control to mild and then stayed constant for both intermediate and severe obstructions. Calpain activity increased steadily from control to mild to intermediate to severe. Based on the increase in levels of the calcium-dependent enzymes, it was clearly shown that calcium levels increased in all stages of bladder decompensation most notably with the mild obstructions. Based on previous studies in which nitrotyrosine and dinitrophenol levels did not increase in mildly obstructed rabbits, the calcium overload pathway may predominate in mild decompensation because cells in mildly obstructed bladders are better able to cope with oxidative stress than increased calcium levels.

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Calcium Effects on Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase of the Rabbit Urinary Bladder Muscle and Mucosa

Cited by 5 publications

References 83 publications

Effect of severity and duration of bladder outlet obstruction on catalase and superoxide dismutase activity

Effect of severity and duration of bladder outlet obstruction on catalase and superoxide dismutase activity

Oxidative stress in the bladder of men with LUTS undergoing open prostatectomy: a pilot study

The effect of partial outlet obstruction on calpain and phospholipase-2 activities: analyzed by severity and duration

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