Calcium silicate-based root canal sealers: a literature review

Lim, Miyoung; Jung, Chanyong; Shin, Dong Hoon; Cho, Yong-bum; Song, Minju

doi:10.5395/rde.2020.45.e35

Cited by 79 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“…Many formulations are available on the market. Unlike conventional root canal sealers, CSBS are hydraulic and hygroscopic with a particular setting process [ 6 ]. CSBS exhibit several interesting properties, especially biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, and bioactivity [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Narrative Review and Clinical Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Over the last two decades, calcium silicate-based materials have grown in popularity. As root canal sealers, these formulations have been extensively investigated and compared with conventional sealers, such as zinc oxide–eugenol and epoxy resin-based sealers, in in vitro studies that showed their promising properties, especially their biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, and certain bioactivity. However, the consequence of their higher solubility is a matter of debate and still needs to be clarified, because it may affect their long-term sealing ability. Unlike conventional sealers, those sealers are hydraulic, and their setting is conditioned by the presence of humidity. Current evidence reveals that the properties of calcium silicate-based sealers vary depending on their formulation. To date, only a few short-term investigations addressed the clinical outcome of calcium silicate-based root canal sealers. Their use has been showed to be mainly based on practitioners’ clinical habits rather than manufacturers’ recommendations or available evidence. However, their particular behavior implies modifications of the clinical protocol used for conventional sealers. This narrative review aimed to discuss the properties of calcium silicate-based sealers and their clinical implications, and to propose rational indications for these sealers based on the current knowledge.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Narrative Review and Clinical Perspectives

et al. 2021

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“…A strong and long-lasting link between the root canal wall and the filling is one aspect of the prevention of root canal infection, caused either by regrowth of microorganisms or newly gained infection due to coronal or apical leakage [32]. Endodontic sealers are used to seal minor discrepancies between the dentinal wall of the root canal and the root filling material, including irregularities in the apical foramen and canal [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers meet the recommendations of the International Organization for Standardization and have consistently been reported to be biocompatible, they have not overcome conventional resin-based sealers in actual practice [33]. The bioactivity of calcium silicate sealers depends on their solubility, even after setting, and this solubility might affect the quality of root canal sealing [26] despite bioceramic materials having been reported to have good stability over time [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of A Nano-Apatite Based Composite Sealer for Endodontic Root Canal Filling

et al. 2021

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Recently, endodontic sealers based on injectable bioactive materials were proposed to improve the filling of anatomical irregularities during root canal obturation. In this context, this preliminary work investigated the possibility of realizing a new calcium phosphate-based composite sealer for root canal filling with an optimized composition on setting kinetics and dentin tubules occlusion. Several calcium phosphate/liquid phase mixtures were initially evaluated for their workability, finding two suitable formulations. Both of them contained 66 wt.% of a nano-apatite-based cement (solid powdered phase). The liquid phase (34 wt.%) comprised 13.6% propanediol and 20.4% PEG 1000 (formulation 1), and formulation 2 comprised 27.2% glycerin and 6.8% PEG 200 (formulation 2). Then, these formulations were tested by means of permeability measurements and observation by scanning electron microscopy of treated model dentin samples. Both formulations succeeded in occluding dentinal tubules: the first one was able to create a full-bodied layer on dentin surface and, moreover, to resist, at least to a large extent, against citric acid attack. The second one showed a lower effectiveness after citric acid exposure. The composite compound that better satisfied the overall required characteristics of use, workability and sealing capacity was formulation 1.

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“…Therefore, slight moisture in root canal dentin may be advantageous to sealing, but resin-based sealer is affected by it [ 3 ]. Furthermore, several studies showed that MTA-based sealers have higher biocompatibility compared to resin-based sealers [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. However, it is generally known that MTA has limited antimicrobial effects against some microorganisms [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization, Antimicrobial Effects, and Cytocompatibility of a Root Canal Sealer Produced by Pozzolan Reaction between Calcium Hydroxide and Silica

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to evaluate a newly developed pozzolan-based bioceramic sealer (PZBS) regarding setting time, radiopacity, antibacterial effect, and cytocompatibility. The PZBS was manufactured by mixing calcium hydroxide and silica. The pozzolan reaction was verified by identification of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) using X-ray diffraction analysis. The initial setting time and radiopacity were measured using the ISO 6876/2012 protocol in comparison with other commercially available calcium silicate (CS) sealers. The antibacterial effect of PZBS on biofilms cultured in the bovine root canal was evaluated by measurement of colony-forming units and volume of biofilms in comparison with other calcium hydroxide pastes. The morphological features of the biofilms were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cytocompatibility of PZBS was assessed by the viability of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells and scratch wound healing rate in comparison with other CS sealers. The morphology of the cells cultured on the tested sealers was observed by SEM. The detection of the CS peak confirmed the formation of C-S-H. The initial setting time of PZBS was around 11 h, which was twice as long as the other tested sealers. The radiopacity of PZBS was 4.3 mm/Al, which satisfied the ISO criteria. The antibacterial effect and cytocompatibility of PZBS were comparable to those of the commercially available intracanal medicaments and CS endodontic sealers, respectively. The PZBS has the potential to be used for root canal obturation, and is expected to exert a favorable antibacterial effect.

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Calcium silicate-based root canal sealers: a literature review

Cited by 79 publications

References 102 publications

Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Narrative Review and Clinical Perspectives

Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealers: A Narrative Review and Clinical Perspectives

Development of A Nano-Apatite Based Composite Sealer for Endodontic Root Canal Filling

Characterization, Antimicrobial Effects, and Cytocompatibility of a Root Canal Sealer Produced by Pozzolan Reaction between Calcium Hydroxide and Silica

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