Calculation of parameters for the evaluation of the leaching of salts under field conditions, illustrated by nitrate

Kolenbrander, G.J.

doi:10.1007/bf01372882

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Furthermore, the scale of the transport process must be considered in a respective PTF. A similar conclusion had already been reached by earlier, less comprehensive studies (Kolenbrander, ; Perfect, ). In this context Vanderborght and Vereecken () notably suggest that the dispersivities are lognormally distributed in space, which may help creating upscaling relationships for solute transport PTFs.…”

Section: Ptfs In Earth System Sciencessupporting

confidence: 86%

Pedotransfer Functions in Earth System Science: Challenges and Perspectives

Looy

Bouma

Herbst

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

415

297

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Soil, through its various functions, plays a vital role in the Earth's ecosystems and provides multiple ecosystem services to humanity. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) are simple to complex knowledge rules that relate available soil information to soil properties and variables that are needed to parameterize soil processes. In this paper, we review the existing PTFs and document the new generation of PTFs developed in the different disciplines of Earth system science. To meet the methodological challenges for a successful application in Earth system modeling, we emphasize that PTF development has to go hand in hand with suitable extrapolation and upscaling techniques such that the PTFs correctly represent the spatial heterogeneity of soils. PTFs should encompass the variability of the estimated soil property or process, in such a way that the estimation of parameters allows for validation and can also confidently provide for extrapolation and upscaling purposes capturing the spatial variation in soils. Most actively pursued recent developments are related to parameterizations of solute transport, heat exchange, soil respiration, and organic carbon content, root density, and vegetation water uptake. Further challenges are to be addressed in parameterization of soil erosivity and land use change impacts at multiple scales. We argue that a comprehensive set of PTFs can be applied throughout a wide range of disciplines of Earth system science, with emphasis on land surface models. Novel sensing techniques provide a true breakthrough for this, yet further improvements are necessary for methods to deal with uncertainty and to validate applications at global scale.

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Section: Ptfs In Earth System Sciencessupporting

confidence: 86%

Pedotransfer Functions in Earth System Science: Challenges and Perspectives

Looy

Bouma

Herbst

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

415

297

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Soil structural effects on leaching have been observed earlier (Cunninham and Cooke, 1958; Shaw, 1962;Kolenbrander, 1970;Kissel et af , 1973). An asymmetric distribution of salts with a leading tail, as found in the present experiments, is often apparent from other field data (Olsen et al, 1970; Boswell and Anderson, 1970; Cassel, 1971 ;Burns, 1974; Jones, 1975), whereas distributions with columns of sand or sieved aggregates are much more nearly symmetrical (Biggar and Nielsen, 1960; Levin, 1964;Core et al, 1967; Thomas, 19 0).…”

Section: Pore Space Distributionmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Asymmetric Leaching Pattern of Nitrate and Chloride in a Loamy Sand Under Field Conditions

Wild

Babiker

1976

Journal of Soil Science

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In a field experiment on a weakly structured, almost stone-free loamy sand, the depths of leaching of chloride and nitrate were measured after sprinkler irrigation at 8 mm/h. The modal depth of movement of the two ions was about half the mean depth of movement, indicating a highly skewed distribution and a pronounced leading tail of chloride and nitrate. The marked asymmetry of the salt distribution is attributed to uneven downward movement of water, including movement down earthworm channels, which results in part of the nitrate and chloride being deeply leached. I Present address : Hudeiba Research Station, Ed Damer, Democratic Republic of the Sudan.

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“…As a result of dispersion some nitrate is leached faster and some slower than on the plug displacement model (Day, 1956;Biggar and Nielsen, 1962;Gardner, 1965 ;Kolenbrander, 1970), and the nitrate concentration should therefore become less the deeper it is leached. Analyses showed (Fig.…”

Section: Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Introduction THE depth to which nitrate is leached depends on the amount of water passin through the soil (Gardner, 196 ;Kolenbrander, 1970), on the (Boswell and Anderson, 1970). Gardner (1965) reviewed the use of diffusion plus convection equations to describe leachin , and considered cracks and channels; more recently an empirical solution for cracked soils has been put forward b Kolenbrander (1970).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate Leaching Under Bare Fallow at a Site in Northern Nigeria

Wild

1972

Journal of Soil Science

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A two-year study on a site in northern Nigeria under bare fallow showed that nitrate formed from soil organic matter persisted in the top 120 cm of the soil profile throughout most of the rainy season. The rainfall in the two years was 1199 and 973 mm. Slow leaching was attributed to the combined effect of adsorption on to positive charges in the textural €3 horizon, high rainfall intensities, and the presence of cracks and channels in the soil, down which water will pass quickly without leaching the newly mineralized nitrate. This nitrate diffuses relatively slowly through the aggregates or is carried downwards by water moving in the small pores. Leaching of nitrate added to the surface as fertilizer would be more rapid than that of nitrate formed from soil organic matter within the aggregates.

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Calculation of parameters for the evaluation of the leaching of salts under field conditions, illustrated by nitrate

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Pedotransfer Functions in Earth System Science: Challenges and Perspectives

Pedotransfer Functions in Earth System Science: Challenges and Perspectives

The Asymmetric Leaching Pattern of Nitrate and Chloride in a Loamy Sand Under Field Conditions

Nitrate Leaching Under Bare Fallow at a Site in Northern Nigeria

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