Calf mortality rate and causes of death under different herd management systems in peri-urban Bamako, Mali

Wymann, Monica N.; Bonfoh, Bassirou; Schelling, Esther; Bengaly, Sékouba; Tembely, S.; Tanner, Marcel; Zinsstag, Jakob

doi:10.1016/j.livprodsci.2005.08.010

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The young calves are generally known to have lower immunity and vulnerable to a variety of infection especially if they do not ingest adequate colostrum and at the right time soon after birth (Radostitis 2005). Where the calves experience lowered immunity, other management-related and environmental factors may result to stress on these calves thus exacerbating the occurrence of severe infections that lead to death as has been reported in some past studies (Gitau et al 1994;Gitau et al 1999;Wymann et al 2006;Wudu et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The most significant loss in the dairy or beef enterprises is associated with calf mortality (Radostitis 2005). Various studies have been conducted in the past from many parts of the world using both retrospective and prospective data sources to document the major causes of calf mortality (Gitau et al 1994;Mulei et al 1995;Gitau et al 1999;Wymann et al 2006;Wudu et al 2008;Chenyambuga and Mseleko 2009). The above studies have reported the major causes of calf mortality and also the risk factors associated with these mortalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above studies have reported the major causes of calf mortality and also the risk factors associated with these mortalities. The major causes of calf mortality reported worldwide are diarrhoea (scours) and respiratory diseases (Gitau et al 1994;Mulei et al 1995;Gitau et al 1999;Wymann 2005;Wymann et al 2006;Wudu et al 2008). The highest mortalities are reported during the first 30 days of life and this extends up to the first 3 months of life (Gitau et al 1994;Mulei et al 1995;Gitau et al 1999;Wymann et al 2006;Wudu et al 2008;Chenyambuga and Mseleko 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of calf mortality in peri-urban area of Nairobi, Kenya

Gitau

Aleri

Mbuthia

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The study reported data from 507 post-mortem records in the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Kenya. The records were from carcasses obtained from the peri-urban area of Nairobi during a 20-year period between 1990 and 2009. Approximately 80% (393/507) of the calf carcasses had their diagnosis made through post-mortem examination, while the rest (114/507) were inconclusive. Just less than half (48.3%) of the calf carcasses presented had their age specified by the owners compared to 51.7% whose age was not specified. For calf carcasses whose age was specified by the owners, those indicated as more than 3 months were one-and-a-half times as many as those below 3 months old. The proportion of female carcasses (53.8%, 273/507) presented for post-mortem were slightly higher than the male carcasses (46.2%, 234/507). Diseases or conditions of the respiratory system were the most common 17.7% (97/507) while gastrointestinal tract (GIT) was second and affected 16.1% (88/507) of the cases. Another small number, 3.3% (18/507), died from bloat giving the total cases associated with GIT as 19.4% (106/507). Severe calf malnutrition and septicaemia were the third most reported causes of calf mortality in similar proportions at 14.3% (78/507) and 14.4% (79/507), respectively. Other minor causes of calf mortality were tick-borne diseases 8.6% (47/507), helminthiasis and poisoning, 2.9% (16/507) and 1.8% (10/507), respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of calf mortality in peri-urban area of Nairobi, Kenya

Gitau

Aleri

Mbuthia

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…Studies of calf mortality on smallholder farms indicate preweaning and early postweaning mortality rates in the range of 15% to 25%. In some African countries, for instance in Tanzania, calf mortality rates range from 9% to 45% [2,3], and in Mali, the range is 10% to 25% [4]. In Sudan, 4.9% mortality was reported in dairy farms in Khartoum [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Major Causes of Calf Mortality in Urban and Periurban Dairy Production System of Ethiopia

Fentie

Guta

Mekonen

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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A cross-sectional calf mortality study was conducted in urban and periurban dairy farms in Addis Ababa, special zones of Oromia and Amhara regions in July and August 2015. e objectives of the study were to estimate the annual mortality and to assess the major causes of calf mortality in the dairy farms. One-year retrospective data on calf mortality were collected from 330 farms by face-to-face interview using the pretested and structured questionnaire format and direct observation of farm practices. A logistic regression analysis was performed in order to identify the predictor variables associated with early calf mortality. Data were analysed using Statistical Package, Stata SE for Windows, version 12.0. e annual mean calf mortality from birth-to-weaning was reported as 18.5% (95% CI: 12.6, 24.3%). e prenatal loss due to fetal death and stillbirth was 10.1% (95% CI: 6.7, 13.6%). e overall annual loss due to fetal death and calf preweaning mortality was 26.7% (95% CI: 21.2, 32.2%). Age-specific mortality declined with increased age, and the highest mortality was recorded during the first month of life extending up to the third month of age. Disease was the most important causes of calf mortality (73.2%). Among the diseases, diarrhea (63%) and respiratory disorders (17%) were the important causes of calf mortality. Malpractices in calf management were identified, including restricted colostrum and milk feeding, poor care and supplemental feeding, and poor health management. Interventions in dairy cattle health and farm husbandry are recommended to control calf mortality.

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“…During this period, the calves only graze and no or limited supplements are provided. This often results in a very low growth rates and high mortality rates in situations of feed shortage (Wymann et al 2006).…”

Section: Effect Of Suckling Period On Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of suckling period on calf growth and milk yield of Zebu cows

Sidibé-Anago

Ouédraogo

Ledin

2008

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Eighteen multiparous Zebu cows in their third lactation and their calves were randomly allocated to three suckling periods, up to 3, 4 or 5 months of age of the calf. The cows were individually fed natural hay, cottonseed cake and molasses. At 2 months of age, all calves were separated from their mothers, and were offered cottonseed cake mixed with molasses and Mucuna hay individually. The calves stimulated milk ejection by suckling 30 seconds and suckled the residual milk for 45 minutes after milking. The dry matter intake of cows (3.68, 3.29 and 3.31% of body weight) and calves (2.88, 2.80 and 2.55% of body weight) for suckling up 3, 4 and 5 months of age, respectively, was not significantly affected by treatment and neither was the growth rate of the calves (178, 157 and 149 g/d for 3, 4 or 5 months suckling period, respectively). Cows suckling their calves up to 5 months had significantly higher milk yield and higher amount of saleable milk (1.97, 2.93 and 3.69 kg/cow/d for 3, 4 and 5 months suckling period, respectively). The fat content of the milk decreased with increasing length of the suckling period while the protein content was not affected. In conclusion, a suckling period of 5 months resulted in higher total milk production and higher amount of saleable milk but did not seem to have any effect on calf growth when the calves were supplemented.

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Calf mortality rate and causes of death under different herd management systems in peri-urban Bamako, Mali

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Causes of calf mortality in peri-urban area of Nairobi, Kenya

Causes of calf mortality in peri-urban area of Nairobi, Kenya

Assessment of Major Causes of Calf Mortality in Urban and Periurban Dairy Production System of Ethiopia

Effect of suckling period on calf growth and milk yield of Zebu cows

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