2013
DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2013.05.002
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Calmodulin is Required for Paraflagellar Rod Assembly and Flagellum-Cell Body Attachment in Trypanosomes

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Cited by 37 publications
(49 citation statements)
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“…However, calcium-calmodulin binding might be involved in sorting the motor to different target membranes. Consistent with this, it was recently reported that calmodulin is required for paraflagellar rod assembly and flagellum-cell-body attachment in trypanosomes (42).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 72%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, calcium-calmodulin binding might be involved in sorting the motor to different target membranes. Consistent with this, it was recently reported that calmodulin is required for paraflagellar rod assembly and flagellum-cell-body attachment in trypanosomes (42).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 72%
“…The following observations suggest that expression levels of different Leishmania-specific CamLs and cytosolic calcium might regulate myosin function in this system: (i) two very different Leishmania CamL proteins bound to a single-peptide sequence in the strongest dimerization domain on myosin XXI, and these proteins differ in K d and calcium sensitivity; (ii) in vitro (human) calmodulin binding affected myosin-XXI dimerization, lipid binding, and motility; (iii) cytosolic calcium levels in the parasite are reported to be kept very low and tightly regulated (43); (iv) the expression levels of CamLs in the parasite are still largely unknown. However, downregulation of cytosolic calmodulin affects the parasite's paraflagellar rod assembly (42), which is where myosin XXI has been localized (3,7). Intriguingly, we have now identified eight other calmodulin-like proteins in the fully sequenced genome of the Leishmania parasite.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…This could be explained if FLA1BP was anchored to a skeletal element associated to the flagellum and if FLAM3 was either a component of, or a linker to this element. The PFR has been proposed to contribute to flagellum attachment (Demonchy et al, 2009;Ginger et al, 2013). However, perturbation of PFR assembly upon ablation of PFR2 (albeit without visible alteration of the FAZ connectors) does not interfere with the regular distribution of FAZ1, FLA1, FLA1BP and FLAM3 (Fig.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…3D,E) and immunofluorescence using 20H5 (data not shown) revealed loss of normal 'bi-lobe' architecture, indicating TbTBCCD1 plays an important role in organising the formation of this structure. A flagellum detachment phenotype in some RNAi-induced cells suggested either (1) synthesis and vesicular trafficking via the Golgi of surface-associated glycoconjugates was potentially affected by loss of bi-lobe organisation -stable attachment of the flagellum to the cell body is dependent upon members of the trypanosomatid-specific FLA1 glycoprotein family (discussed further in Sun et al, 2013;Ginger et al, 2013) -or (2) the flagellar neck region, as well as bi-lobe organisation, was disrupted following RNAi induction, such that flagellum-cell-body attachment at the flagellar pocket exit point could become compromised.…”
Section: Morphogenetic Failures In Tbtbccd1 Rnai Lines Loss Of 'Bi-lomentioning
confidence: 99%