Calorie and macronutrients intake in people with spinal cord injuries: An analysis by sex and injury-related variables

Sabour, Hadis; Javidan, Abbas Noroozi; Vafa, Mohammadreza; Shidfar, Farzad; Nazari, Maryam; Saberi, Hooshang; Rahimi, Abbas; Razavi, Hasan Emami

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2011.04.007

Cited by 43 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar to our previous two studies, approximately 13.58 and 3.58 percent of our patients had DM and IGT, respectively [13,16]. Duckworth et al reported a higher prevalence of DM and IGT (23% and 40%, respectively) [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We found a positive correlation between saturated fat intake and FBS, and also between cholesterol intake and LDL-C. Relating to our previous study [13], the diets of individuals with SCI did not meet dietary guidelines [13], and the intakes of total fat and saturated fat (38% and 12.8%, respectively) were high. Therefore, the dietary intakes in patients with SCI were corrected and standard interventions were applied for reducing cardiometabolic risk factors.…”

Section: Sabour Et Al Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In People With Scisupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The remarkable percentage of patients with low HDL-C in these patients may be explained by the lower physical activity levels in this group. Other causes of lower HDL-C, such as a high-fat diet [35][36][37], shown in our previous related study [13], may also contribute to low HDL-C in these patients.…”

Section: Sabour Et Al Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In People With Scimentioning

confidence: 57%

“…A detailed description of the dietary intake assessment has been published in two previous research studies [13,16].…”

Section: Assessment Of Dietary Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To reduce cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality, it is important to understand any possible differences in other cardiometabolic risk factors related to the level and completeness of injury. Also, Iranian patients with SCI have very low physical activity levels and poor dietary intake [13]. To our knowledge, a detailed analysis of all cardiometabolic risk factors that also examines the effects of level of injury has yet to be undertaken among patients with SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranians with spinal cord injury: Analysis by injury-related variables

Sabour

Javidan²,

Ranjbarnovin³

et al. 2013

JRRD

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Abstract-Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) have a high prevalence of abnormalities in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. These abnormalities cause adverse coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with SCI. In this study, we performed a detailed analysis of the level-specific cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with SCI and analyzed the association of injury level on these risk factors. This was a cross-sectional study of 162 patients with SCI, assessing the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and smoking. Fasting blood sugar (>100) was diagnosed in 27 patients (16.7%). Of the total patients, 36 (22.2%) had a total cholesterol (TC) level of >200. A triglyceride level of >150 was present in 56 patients (34.6%). Hypertension was present in 2.5% of the entire patient group. Body mass index (BMI), TC, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly higher in the paraplegia group than the tetraplegia group (24.44 +/-4.23 vs 22.65 +/-4.27, p = 0. 01; 185.71 +/-40.69 vs 163.28 +/-37.92, p < 0.001; and 102.51 +/-28.20 vs 89.15 +/-22.35, p = 0.01, respectively). Patients with paraplegia may have increased hypertension, higher BMI, and increasing levels of serum LDL-C and TC than those with tetraplegia. Conventional risk factors for CHD should be identified and treated in individuals with SCI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Sabour Et Al Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In People With Scisupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Sabour Et Al Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In People With Scimentioning

confidence: 57%

“…A detailed description of the dietary intake assessment has been published in two previous research studies [13,16].…”

Section: Assessment Of Dietary Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranians with spinal cord injury: Analysis by injury-related variables

Sabour

Javidan²,

Ranjbarnovin³

et al. 2013

JRRD

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Mapping of Dietary Interventions Beneficial in the Prevention of Secondary Health Conditions in Spinal Cord Injured Population: A Systematic Review

Stojic

Eriks‐Hoogland

Gamba

et al. 2023

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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Objectives Individuals with spinal cord injury are at risk of secondary health conditions (SHC) that develop as a consequence of autonomic dysfunction, prolonged oxidative stress and inflammation, and physical inactivity coupled with inadequate energy and nutritional intake. SHC can be debilitating and even life-threatening, and its prevention remains one of the major challenges in the continuum of medical care of aging SCI population. An unhealthy diet is a major driver of inflammation, oxidative stress, and unfavourable metabolic status and may be a practical preventive target to tackle increased SHC risk post-injury. Aims To provide a catalogue of dietary interventions beneficial in prevention of SHC among individuals with SCI by conducting a systematic review of the literature on dietary interventions and dietary supplementation in promoting health and well-being after the injury. In addition, we aimed to provide a summary of observational studies exploring the association between habitual diet (macro- and micronutrients intake and dietary patterns) and health patterns following the injury. Method This review was registered at PROSPERO (University of York) with registration number CRD42022373773. Four medical databases (EMBASE.com, MEDLINE [Ovid], Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science Core Collection) and Google Scholar were searched from inception until 11th July 2022. Studies were included if they were clinical trials or observational studies conducted in adult individuals with SCI and provided information of interest. Based on strength of the study design and risk of bias assessment (using the NIH tool), we classified studies from Level 1 (most reliable studies) to Level 4 (least reliable studies). Results Of 12,313 unique citations, 47 articles (based on 43 original studies) comprising 32 interventional (22 RCTs, 3 NRCT, and 7 pre-post studies) and 11 observational studies (2 cohort studies, 2 case-control, 1 post-intervention follow-up study, and 6 cross-sectional studies) were included in the present systematic review. Twenty studies (46.5%) were classified as Level 1 or 2, indicating high/moderate methodological quality. Based on those studies, dietary strategies including high protein diet, intermittent fasting, balanced diet in combination with physical conditioning and electrical stimulation, and dietary supplementation including alpha-lipoic acid, creatine, vitamin D, and cranberry-derived supplements and probiotics were mapped as the most promising in prevention of SHC among individuals with SCI. Conclusions To develop timely and effective preventive strategies targeting major SHC (e.g., cardiometabolic diseases, urinary tract infections) in SCI, further research is warranted to confirm the effectiveness of dietary strategies/interventions identified through the current systematic review of the literature.

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Guideline Approaches for Cardioendocrine Disease Surveillance and Treatment Following Spinal Cord Injury

Nash

Bilzon

2018

Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep

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Purpose of ReviewPersons with spinal cord injuries (SCI) commonly experience individual risks and coalesced health hazards of the cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). This review will examinethe role of exercise and nutritional intervention as countermeasures to these disease risks.Recent FindingsThe CMS hazards of overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are strongly associated with physical deconditioning and are common after SCI. Both the CMS diagnosis and physical deconditioning worsen the prognosis for all-cause cardiovascular disease occurring early after SCI. Evidence supports a therapeutic role for physical activity after SCI as an effective countermeasure to these risks and often represents the first-line approach to CMS abatement. This evidence is supported by authoritative systematic reviews and associated guidelines that recommend specific activities, frequencies, and activities of work. In many cases, the most effective exercise programming uses more intense periods of work with limited rest. As SCI is also associated with poor dietary habits, including excessive energy intake and saturated fat consumption, more comprehensive lifestyle management incorporating both exercise and nutrition represents a preferred approach for overall health management.SummaryIrrespective of the interventional strategy, improved surveillance of the population for CMS risks and encouraged incorporation of exercise and nutritional management according to recent population-specific guidelines will most likely play an important role in the preservation of activity, optimal health, and independence throughout the lifespan.

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Calorie and macronutrients intake in people with spinal cord injuries: An analysis by sex and injury-related variables

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

Cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranians with spinal cord injury: Analysis by injury-related variables

Cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranians with spinal cord injury: Analysis by injury-related variables

Mapping of Dietary Interventions Beneficial in the Prevention of Secondary Health Conditions in Spinal Cord Injured Population: A Systematic Review

Guideline Approaches for Cardioendocrine Disease Surveillance and Treatment Following Spinal Cord Injury

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