Campylobacter jejuni capsular genotypes are related to Guillain–Barré syndrome

Abstract

In about one in a thousand cases, a Campylobacter jejuni infection results in the severe polyneuropathy Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). It is established that sialylated lipo-oligosaccharides (LOS) of C. jejuni are a crucial virulence factor in GBS development. Frequent detection of C. jejuni with sialylated LOS in stools derived from patients with uncomplicated enteritis implies that additional bacterial factors should be involved. To assess whether the polysaccharide capsule is a marker for GBS, the capsular genotypes of two geographically distinct GBS-associated C. jejuni strain collections and an uncomplicated enteritis control collection were determined. Capsular genotyping of C. jejuni strains from the Netherlands revealed that three capsular genotypes, HS1/44c, HS2 and HS4c, were dominant in GBS-associated strains and capsular types HS1/44c and HS4c were significantly associated with GBS (p 0.05 and p 0.01, respectively) when compared with uncomplicated enteritis. In a GBS-associated strain collection from Bangladesh, capsular types HS23/36c, HS19 and HS41 were most prevalent and the capsular types HS19 and HS41 were associated with GBS (p 0.008 and p 0.02, respectively). Next, specific combinations of the LOS class and capsular genotypes were identified that were related to the occurrence of GBS. Multilocus sequence typing revealed restricted genetic diversity for strain populations with the capsular types HS2, HS19 and HS41. We conclude that capsular types HS1/44c, HS2, HS4c, HS19, HS23/36c and HS41 are markers for GBS. Besides a crucial role for sialylated LOS of C. jejuni in GBS pathogenesis, the identified capsules may contribute to GBS susceptibility.

Genetic Characteristics and Multiple-PCR Development for Capsular Identification of Specific Serotypes of Campylobacter jejuni

“…CPS are considered to be crucial C . jejuni virulence factors associated with GBS and capsular types HS1/44c, HS2, HS4c, HS19, HS23/36c and HS41 are markers for GBS[12]. In this study, we also find some genes related to sialic acid in CPS gene clusters.…”

“…jejuni strains that caused only uncomplicated enteritis carried the genes for sialylation biosynthesis[31]. The capsular type was related to the LOS class in order to determine whether particular LOS class/capsular type combinations were more prevalent amongst GBS-associated strains than among enteritis-associates strains[12]. CPS are considered to be crucial C .…”

“…The Penner serotypes of these isolates were determined using a commercial 25 Penner heat-stable antisera set ( Campylobacter Antisera Seiken Set; Denka Seiken, Japan). Strains were selected for sequence analysis based on their different serotypes, including three serotypes related to GBS (HS2, HS19, HS41)[12] and five serotypes whose CPS sequences have not been studied previously (HS9, HS12, HS21, HS31, HS37). Information on CPS sequences of other serotypes was obtained from the GenBank database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/).…”

“…jejuni strains associated with GBS belong to specific Penner serotypes[12]. In 2007, 36 cases of GBS occurred in Shuangyang, a township in Changchun, Jilin Province, China and C .…”

A scoping review of Chikungunya virus infection: epidemiology, clinical characteristics, viral co-circulation complications, and control

“…GBS comprises an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy of global incidence, in which about two-thirds of cases occur after bacterial (e.g. Campylobacter jejuni) (Heikema et al, 2015) or viral infection (Oehler et al, 2015), such as by Dengue- (Simon et al, 2016), West Nile- (Leis and Stokic, 2012), Influenza- (Choi and Yeon, 2016), Cytomegalo- (Steger et al, 2012), Human Immunodeficiency- (Girgin et al, 2014), Epstein-Barr (Phillips, 1973;Kim et al, 2016) and Zika viruses (Rozé et al, 2017).…”