Can Feulgen Stain be a Reliable  Biomarker over PAP Stain for  Estimation of Micronuclei Score?

Kumar, Manish; Prasad, Umesh Chandra; Chandolia, Betina; Manjunath, S M; Basu, Shiva; Verma, Silvie

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/18859.8630

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Earlier similar studies, shown that DNA positivity increases as the tumor progresses from benign to cancer conditions. In renal, lung, bladder tumors and prostate [22][23][24][25][26]. In high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma cases, other studies also confirm our finding that a highly reactive DNA was associated with a high histologic grade [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Feulgen Reaction as a Marker for Identifying Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Salih¹,

Elsheikh²

2019

Andrology

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Introduction: A prostate cancer case in sub-Saharan Africa is rising. In Sudan, prostate cancer ranks third at after breast cancer. The nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid content has been shown to be of great prognostic value in prostate tumors. In the present work, we focus on semi-quantification of nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid in prostate cancer compared to prostatic hyperplasia using the Feulgen reaction technique. Methods: Paraffin wax sections were selected from patients previously diagnosed with prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic cancer. Clinic pathological data of patients were collected from the records of the archive of the National Health Laboratory Khartoum Sudan. From all cases, two sections were taken. One section was stained with Hematoxylin and eosin stain to confirm the diagnosis, while the other paraffin section was used for deoxyribonucleic acid demonstration using Feulgen reaction. Results: A total of 46 patients with a clinical and pathologic diagnosis of prostatic tumors were enrolled in this study; 23 (50.1%) had high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma, 11 (23.9%) had moderate grade prostatic adenocarcinoma, two (4.3%) had low-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma and 10 (21.7%) had benign hyperplasia. The significant differences in deoxyribonucleic acid staining intensities were observed in high-grade prostatic adenocarcinomas. The deoxyribonucleic acid staining intensities of moderate and high-grade prostatic adenocarcinomas were significantly higher than those of benign hyperplasia (P<0.000). Conclusion: Deoxyribonucleic acid detection using Feulgen reaction may provide valuable prognostic information in prostate cancer, with potential clinical implications in patient management, active research on this topic should be a high priority objective.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Feulgen Reaction as a Marker for Identifying Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Salih¹,

Elsheikh²

2019

Andrology

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“…The slides were immersed in 1Mol hydrochloric acid (HCl) at 60°C for 5–6 min, followed by placement in 1Mol HCl at room temperature for 1 min and were then immersed in Schiff reagent for 30 min and washed under running tap water for 10 min. [ 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 ]…”

Section: Ethodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxic Effect of Various forms of Tobacco on Oral Buccal Mucosa and Nuclear Changes as a biomarker

Devadoss

Raveendranath

Kathiresan

et al. 2021

Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences

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Aim: The present study aims to assess the genotoxic effect of various forms of tobacco users on buccal mucosa and nuclear changes as biomarkers. Materials and Methods: The study involves 150 cases, they were divided into three groups (two study groups and one control group). The buccal cytological smears were taken from three groups: Group I – 50 smokers, Group II – 50 nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco), and Group III – 50 control group. The buccal cells were transferred into a test tube containing Tris-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid buffer (pH = 7) and was centrifuged (Remi® 1500 revolution/min [rpm]). Cell suspensions were transferred to the slides and fixed. The slides were stained using PAP and Feulgen stain. The MN and other nuclear abnormalities were studied and compared. Results: Nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) had significantly increased frequency of all nuclear anomalies compared to smokers and healthy controls. Binucleation, karyorrhexis, micronuclei (MN), karyolysis, broken egg nuclei, and prominent nucleoli in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) and condensed chromatin in smokers were the most frequent anomalies. Binucleation and karyorrhexis were significantly more frequent in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) compared to smokers. The other nuclear abnormalities were not statistically significant in smokers and nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco). Conclusion: Numerous studies have stated that MN and other nuclear anomalies were present in higher frequency in smokers and nonsmokers. In our study, we found binucleation and karyorrhexis were statistically significant in nonsmokers (smokeless tobacco) compared to smokers. The other nuclear anomalies showed insignificant results. In order to further validate the significance of this study, a larger sample size has to be studied. On comparing the staining efficacy of smokers and nonsmokers using PAP and Feulgen stain, both the stains showed positive results. In the present study, DNA-specific Feulgen stain shows better staining of nuclear anomalies compared to DNA nonspecific PAP stain, which was found to be statistically significant.

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“…However, non-specific stains such as Giemsa, May-Grunwald Giemsa, Papanicolaou, hematoxylin and eosin, and Orcein give false-positive results due to the scoring of non-nuclear fragments such as keratohyalin granules, bacteria, and debris. [ 4 5 6 10 14 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fixed smears were subjected to the Feulgen fast green (FFG) staining method. [ 6 ] The slides were first immersed in 1M HCl at 60°C for 5–6 minutes, followed by placement in 1M HCl at room temperature for 1 minute. Later, they were transferred into Schiff reagent for 30–40 minutes, followed by rinsing under running tap water for 10 minutes.…”

Section: Aterials and M Ethodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of cytogenetic damage in flexographic workers: Micronucleus assay in exfoliated buccal epithelial cells

Kumar

Reginald

Reddy

et al. 2023

Indian J Occup Environ Med

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Background and Objective: Literature review revealed that chemicals used in the printing industry show an association between genotoxicity and occupational exposure. Flexography is one type of printing technique recently becoming popular because of its fast, cost-efficient, and high-quality label printing. The micronucleus (MN) is considered to be a reliable marker for genotoxic damage, and it has a close association with cancer incidences by determining the presence and the extent of the chromosomal damage. Because there are no studies on flexographic workers (FWs), this study was intended to analyze and evaluate the effect of occupational exposure on the MN frequency of buccal epithelial cells. Materials and Methods: The study comprised 100 FWs and 100 age-matched healthy controls with and without smoking habits. Buccal epithelial cells were collected from all subjects by using a cytobrush, followed by staining with Feulgen fast green. The MN frequency was recorded for each individual using the Tolbert et al . criteria. Data was statistically analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and the posthoc test. Results: FWs with smoking habits showed a significant increase in MN frequency (1.86 ± 1.77) than workers without the habit (1.02 ± 1.08) and controls (with the habit 1.26 ± 1.33 and without the habit 0.62 ± 0.92). However, there was no significant increase of MN in FWs without the habit when compared with controls. Conclusion: This study observed the cytogenetic damage in FWs and concludes that these workers are at greater risk for genotoxicity, and the MN assay can serve as a useful biomarker.

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Can Feulgen Stain be a Reliable Biomarker over PAP Stain for Estimation of Micronuclei Score?

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Feulgen Reaction as a Marker for Identifying Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Feulgen Reaction as a Marker for Identifying Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Genotoxic Effect of Various forms of Tobacco on Oral Buccal Mucosa and Nuclear Changes as a biomarker

Assessment of cytogenetic damage in flexographic workers: Micronucleus assay in exfoliated buccal epithelial cells

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