Can implant surfaces affect implant stability during osseointegration? A randomized clinical trial

Abstract

This randomized clinical trial evaluated the insertion torque (IT), primary, and secondary stability of dental implants with different surface treatments during the osseointegration period. Nineteen patients with bilateral partial edentulism in the posterior mandibular region were randomly allocated to two implant brand groups and received implants with different surface treatments in the opposite site of the arch: Osseotite and Nanotite or SLA and SLActive. During implant placement, the maximum IT was recorded using a surgical motor equipped with a graphical user interface. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was assessed immediately after the IT, and was measured weekly via resonance frequency analysis during 3 months. The data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA, the Bonferroni test, paired t tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The IT values were similar (p > 0.05) for all implant types ranging from 43.82 ± 6.50 to 46.84 ± 5.06. All implant types behaved similarly until the 28th day (p > 0.05). Between 35 and 56 days, Osseotite and SLActive showed lower ISQ values (p < 0.001) compared to Nanotite and SLA implants. After 56 days, only Osseotite maintained significantly lower ISQ values than the other implants (p < 0.05). After 91 days the ISQ values were significantly higher than the baseline for all four implant types (p < 0.001). The ISQ and IT values were significantly correlated at the baseline and at the final evaluation for Osseotite, Nanotite, and SLActive implants (p < 0.001). After 91 days, ISQ and IT values were only significantly correlated for the Osseotite implants (p < 0.05). All implants types exhibited acceptable primary and secondary stability.

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Treatment with Dental Implants with Acid Etched Surface

“…The long-term outcomes of this study indicate successful bone integration to the implants and agree with the reported results of other experimental and clinical studies with acid-etched surface implants [34][35][36][37]. An in vitro experimental study compared the chemical composition and microstructural configuration of dental implants subjected to two different surface treatments: sandblasting with alumina and acid-etching with hydrofluoric and nitric acids [34].…”

<p>The Influence of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite Surface in the Early Stages of Osseointegration: A Multiparameter Animal Study in Low-Density Bone</p>

“…The present study is in agreement with findings of previous randomized clinical trials reporting acceptable primary stability with mean ISQ values of above 75 N/cm in humans. 53 The bone density, implant size and macro-scale geometry of the implant body greatly affect the ISQ values and, as we used the same implant size and receptor area, similar levels of ISQ between the evaluated groups were confirmed. 54 A clinical…”

Early Loading of Titanium Dental Implants with Hydroxyl Ion Modified Surface: A 12-Month Prospective Clinical Trial

“…Sim and Lang investigated the influence of bone density structure and implant length on stability levels, and reported that the length of the implant influences the implant stability only at the time of the surgery and has lesser impact on further stages of osteointegration. Conversely, bone density seems to influence the stability level in a greater way and on all stages of osteointegration [17]. Subsequently, to standardize the sample population, we selected homogenous bone sites of the frontal aspect of the maxilla as a region of interest.…”