Canadian water quality guidelines for linuron

Caux, Pierre-Yves; Kent, Robert A.; Fan, Guangping; Grande, C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2256(1998)13:1<1::aid-tox1>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 55 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In regions of intensive agriculture in Canada, linuron concentrations of 1100 µg/l and 2800 µg/l have been detected in surface waters and groundwaters, respectively [139]. In some sediment samples of the German Wadden Sea, linuron concentrations exceeded 500 ppt fresh wt [140].…”

Section: Linuron and Its Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine disruptors in the environment (IUPAC Technical Report)

Lintelmann

Katayama

Kurihara

et al. 2003

Pure and Applied Chemistry

334

122

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Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the need for formal IUPAC permission on condition that an acknowledgment Endocrine disruptors in the environment (IUPAC Technical Report)Abstract: Many chemical substances of natural or anthropogenic origin are suspected or known to be endocrine disruptors, which can influence the endocrine system of life. This observation has led to increased interest on the part of the public and the media, as well as to a steep rise of research activities in the scientific community. New papers and results are presented so fast that it is impossible to give a complete review of this emerging research field. Therefore, this paper tries to give insight into some topics of the great scope of endocrine disruptors in the environment. To get a general idea of the biochemical and biological background, some parts of the endocrine systems of mammalians and nonmammalians are explained. The sections that follow describe important mechanisms of endocrine disruption such as interactions with hormone receptors. Test strategies for anthropogenic chemicals on various organisms are critically reviewed with respect to their problems and gaps concerning endocrine disruptors. The main emphasis of the paper is on the chemical substances suspected or known to be endocrine disruptors. To get a better comprehension of their behavior in the environment, physicochemical data such as water solubility or K ow , as well as information about their use and/or function are reviewed and compared. The main routes of exposure for most chemicals are shortly described, and data about concentrations in the environment (soil/sediment, water) are detailed.

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Section: Linuron and Its Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine disruptors in the environment (IUPAC Technical Report)

Lintelmann

Katayama

Kurihara

et al. 2003

Pure and Applied Chemistry

334

122

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Section: The Phenylurea Herbicide Linuron [N-(34-dichlorophenyl)-nј-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rates of dissipation in agricultural soils determined by laboratory and field experiments are highly variable, with values ranging from days to several years (2,8,9,11,16,23). Linuron is frequently detected in surface and ground waters near or below areas with intensive use, and in one extreme case, linuron was detected in a drinking-water well in concentrations up to 2,800 g liter Ϫ1 (2). Unfortunately, linuron and some of its metabolites are suspected of being endocrine disruptors (12) and of having toxic effects on various aquatic and soil organisms (2,22), which has stimulated research aimed at studying linuron-mineralizing microorganisms from agricultural soils.…”

Section: The Phenylurea Herbicide Linuron [N-(34-dichlorophenyl)-nј-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the Key Member of a Linuron-Mineralizing Bacterial Community by PCR and Reverse Transcription-PCR Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis 16S rRNA Gene Fingerprinting and Cultivation

Sørensen

Rasmussen

Jacobsen

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

113

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“…Linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] is a substituted phenylurea herbicide used widely to selectively control newly established broadleaf weeds and grasses in fruit and field crops, cereals, and shelter belts (3). Although (photo)chemical and physical processes may be involved in the removal of this compound, biodegradation is reported to be the most significant mechanism for its dissipation from soil (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although (photo)chemical and physical processes may be involved in the removal of this compound, biodegradation is reported to be the most significant mechanism for its dissipation from soil (3). Several enrichment cultures have indeed been obtained that use linuron as the sole source of nitrogen and carbon (5,12,13,38,39).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Degradation of Linuron by a Bacterial Consortium and Isolation of a Single Linuron-Degrading Variovorax Strain

Dejonghe

Berteloot

Goris

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

249

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The bacterial community composition of a linuron-degrading enrichment culture and the role of the individual strains in linuron degradation have been determined by a combination of methods, such as denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of the total 16S rRNA gene pool, isolation and identification of strains, and biodegradation assays. Three strains, Variovorax sp. strain WDL1, Delftia acidovorans WDL34, and Pseudomonas sp. strain WDL5, were isolated directly from the linuron-degrading culture. In addition, subculture of this enrichment culture on potential intermediates in the degradation pathway of linuron (i.e., N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine and 3-chloroaniline) resulted in the isolation of, respectively, Hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans WDL6 and Comamonas testosteroni WDL7. Of these five strains, only Variovorax sp. strain WDL1 was able to use linuron as the sole source of C, N, and energy. WDL1 first converted linuron to 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA), which transiently accumulated in the medium but was subsequently degraded. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a strain that degrades linuron further than the aromatic intermediates. Interestingly, the rate of linuron degradation by strain WDL1 was lower than that for the consortium, but was clearly increased when WDL1 was coinoculated with each of the other four strains. D. acidovorans WDL34 and C. testosteroni WDL7 were found to be responsible for degradation of the intermediate 3,4-DCA, and H. sulfonivorans WDL6 was the only strain able to degrade N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine. The role of Pseudomonas sp. strain WDL5 needs to be further elucidated. The degradation of linuron can thus be performed by a single isolate, Variovorax sp. strain WDL1, but is stimulated by a synergistic interaction with the other strains isolated from the same linuron-degrading culture.

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Canadian water quality guidelines for linuron

Cited by 55 publications

References 29 publications

Endocrine disruptors in the environment (IUPAC Technical Report)

Endocrine disruptors in the environment (IUPAC Technical Report)

Elucidating the Key Member of a Linuron-Mineralizing Bacterial Community by PCR and Reverse Transcription-PCR Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis 16S rRNA Gene Fingerprinting and Cultivation

Synergistic Degradation of Linuron by a Bacterial Consortium and Isolation of a Single Linuron-Degrading Variovorax Strain

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