Cancer and the microbiome: potential applications as new tumor biomarker

Abstract

Authors contributed equallyMicrobial communities that colonize in humans are collectively described as microbiome. According to conservative estimates, about 15% of all types of neoplasms are related to different infective agents. However, current knowledge is not sufficient to explain how the microbiome contributes to the growth and development of cancers. Large and thorough studies involving colonized, diverse and complex microbiome entities are required to identify microbiome as a potential cancer marker and to understand how the immune system is involved in response to pathogens. This article reviews the existing evidence supporting the enigmatic association of transformed microbiome with the development of cancer through the immunological modification. Ascertaining the connection between microbiome and immunological responses with risk of cancer may direct to explaining significant advances in the etiology of cancer, potentially disclosing a novel paradigm of research for the management and prevention of cancer.

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing identifies microbiota associated with oral cancer, Human Papilloma Virus infection and surgical treatment

“…We are the first to show evidence of a repopulation or shift of the microbial communities seen in HPV positive HNSCC after surgical treatment. Our preliminary results suggest that the microbial diversity and taxonomic composition of the microbiota in saliva may be useful diagnostic and early detection biomonitors for HNSCC [63]. Potentiation of immunotherapy by the microbiota represents an important new concept to help explain the heterogeneity of antitumor immunity observed in the clinic.…”

16S rRNA amplicon sequencing identifies microbiota associated with oral cancer, human papilloma virus infection and surgical treatment

“…We are the first to show evidence of a repopulation or shift of the microbial communities seen in HPV positive HNSCC after surgical treatment. Our preliminary results suggest that the microbial diversity and taxonomic composition of the microbiota in saliva may be useful diagnostic and early detection biomonitors for HNSCC [63]. Potentiation of immunotherapy by the microbiota represents an important new concept to help explain the heterogeneity of anti-tumor immunity observed in the clinic.…”

Potential role of Escherichia coli DNA mismatch repair proteins in colon cancer

“…This is due to the effective role of inflammation in creating conditions that can intensely change local immune responses and, subsequently, tissue homeostasis. At present, a connection of bacterial, viral and other infectious agents with cancer is found in about 15-20% of the entire malignancies [3,4].…”