Candidate Genes for Alcohol Dependence: A Review of Genetic Evidence From Human Studies

Dick, Danielle M.; Foroud, Tatiana

doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000065436.24221.63

Cited by 230 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 144 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

134

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…20,31,32 There is also a growing literature on the genetic factors influencing behaviors that constitute a risk to health, such as the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, and risk-taking behaviors. [33][34][35][36] Like parental discipline, these healthrelated behaviors are genetically influenced, but are thought to have environmentally mediated effects on disease.…”

Section: Rge: Evidence From the Behavioral Genetic Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Gene–environment correlations: a review of the evidence and implications for prevention of mental illness

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Family studies have demonstrated genetic influences on environmental exposure: the phenomenon of gene-environment correlation (rGE). A few molecular genetic studies have confirmed the results, but the identification of rGE in studies that measure genes and environments faces several challenges. Using examples from studies in psychology and psychiatry, we integrate the behavioral and molecular genetic literatures on rGE, describe challenges in identifying rGE and discuss the implications of molecular genetic findings of rGE for future research on gene-environment interplay and for attempts to prevent disease by reducing environmental risk exposure. Genes affect environments indirectly, via behavior and personality characteristics. Associations between individual genetic variants and behaviors are typically small in magnitude, and downstream effects on environmental risk are further attenuated by behavioral mediation. Genotype-environment associations are most likely to be detected when the environment is behaviorally modifiable and highly specified and a plausible mechanism links gene and behavior. rGEs play an important causal role in psychiatric illness. Although research efforts should concentrate on elucidating the genetic underpinnings of behavior rather than the environment itself, the identification of rGE may suggest targets for environmental intervention even in highly heritable disease. Prevention efforts must address the possibility of confounding between rGE and gene-environment interaction (G Â E).

show abstract

Section: Rge: Evidence From the Behavioral Genetic Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Gene–environment correlations: a review of the evidence and implications for prevention of mental illness

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is growing evidence that alcohol dependence is a multifactorial disorder probably caused by genetic and environmental factors, as well as their interactions (Dick and Foroud, 2003). Despite a strong evidence for genetic effects, specific genes that modulate the risk for alcoholism, as well as for alcoholism-related phenotypes have still not been identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the role of the 5-HTT gene in the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence remains controversial, no evidence exists for an association between alcoholism-or alcoholism-related phenotypes with any of the 5-HT receptor genes (Dick and Foroud, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SNP- and Haplotype Analysis of the Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 Gene in Alcohol-Dependent Patients and Alcohol-Related Suicide

Zill

Preuss

Koller

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several lines of evidence indicate that disturbances of the central serotonergic system are involved in the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence and suicidal behavior. Recent studies have indicated that a newly identified second isoform of the tryptophan hydroxylase gene (TPH2) is preferentially involved in the rate limiting synthesis of neuronal serotonin. Genetic variations in the TPH2 gene have been associated with an increased risk for major depression and suicidal behavior. We performed single SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism), linkage disequilibrium and haplotype studies on 353 alcohol-dependent patients of whom 102 individuals had a history of at least one suicide attempt and 305 healthy controls with 20 SNPs covering the entire gene region of TPH2. Neither single SNP-, nor haplotype analysis could detect significant associations with alcohol dependence and/or suicidal behavior among alcohol-dependent patients. One major haplotype block of strong linkage disequilibrium between introns 5 and 8 of the TPH2 gene has been found in alcoholics and controls, which is in concordance with recent reports. In conclusion, our results suggest that single SNPs, respectively, haplotypes of the TPH2 gene are unlikely to play a major role in the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence or the alcoholism-related phenotype suicidal behavior. Further analysis are needed to confirm these results.

show abstract

“…30 The genetics of ALD development involves an inherited predisposition to alcohol dependence as well as the development of liver injury as a result of it. Family studies have established an important role of genetics in alcohol dependence, but the existence of subtypes of disease that are difficult to classify and confounding by broader addictive/compulsive phenotypes 31 have hampered the effort to identify associated genes. To date, only two genes have demonstrated significant involvement.…”

Section: Paradigms Of Common Complex Liver Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics and complex liver disease: Challenges and opportunities

Juran

Lazaridis

2006

Hepatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concept of genetic susceptibility in the contribution to human disease is not new. What is new is the emerging ability of the field of genomics to detect, assess, and interpret genetic variation in the study of susceptibility to development of disease. Deciphering the human genome sequence and the publication of the human haplotype map are key elements of this effort. However, we are only beginning to understand the contribution of genetic predisposition to complex liver disease through its interaction with environmental risk factors. In the coming decade, we anticipate the development of human studies to better dissect the genotype/phenotype relationship of complex liver diseases. This endeavor will require large, well-phenotyped patient populations of each disease of interest and proper study designs aimed at answering important questions of hepatic disease prognosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. Teamwork between patients, physicians, and genomics scientists can ensure that this opportunity leads to important biological discoveries and improved treatment of complex disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;44:1380-1390

show abstract

Candidate Genes for Alcohol Dependence: A Review of Genetic Evidence From Human Studies

Cited by 230 publications

References 144 publications

Gene–environment correlations: a review of the evidence and implications for prevention of mental illness

Gene–environment correlations: a review of the evidence and implications for prevention of mental illness

SNP- and Haplotype Analysis of the Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 Gene in Alcohol-Dependent Patients and Alcohol-Related Suicide

Genomics and complex liver disease: Challenges and opportunities

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About