Canine angiostrongylosis: The French heartworm: An emerging threat in North America

Conboy, Gary

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.025

Cited by 58 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In dog, distinct isolated endemic foci were reported during the last century in south-western France, Ireland, Switzerland, Southeast England and Wales, and Denmark. Canine angiostrongylosis is clearly emerging both in North America [6] and Europe [7] where it was recently further recorded in Greece [8], The Netherlands [9], different parts of Germany [10], Italy [11], Slovakia [12] Poland [13] and Hungary [14]. In temperate Western Europe climatic conditions are highly suitable to the completion of Angiostrongylus vasorum life cycle and Belgium is part of a vast area characterized by its high predicted suitability for parasite transmission [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of a fatal autochthonous canine Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in Belgium

Jolly

Poncelet²,

Lempereur

et al. 2015

Parasitology International

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Canine angiostrongylosis is considered as an emergent disease in Europe and Canada. A fatal case of Angiostrongylus vasorum infection is described in a four and a half month old puppy born in Belgium. The dog was presented with marked neurological disorders, body weight loss, a profound weakness and mild respiratory signs. The dog was given antibiotics and mucolytic compounds with very little improvement and consequently was referred to a specialist for additional examinations. As the general condition of the dog was rapidly declining, the animal was euthanized shortly after on its owners' request and a necropsy was carried out. Extensive gross pulmonary lesions were observed and histopathological examination revealed the presence of numerous larvae with morphology compatible with A. vasorum. Larvae were also found in the product of a bronchoalveolar lavage but fecal material was not examined. The presence of A. vasorum circulating serum antigen was demonstrated through ELISA; additionally an A. vasorum specific PCR was performed on brain material and yielded a positive result. This case confirms that the clinical diagnosis of canine angiostrongylosis can be very challenging especially when respiratory signs are absent or very mild such in the present case. This is the first reported case of canine angiostrongylosis in Belgium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of a fatal autochthonous canine Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in Belgium

Jolly

Poncelet²,

Lempereur

et al. 2015

Parasitology International

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“…28,29 A known endemic focus is located in the Atlantic Canadian provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador, which recently faced epidemiological changes similar to those concurrently occurring in Europe. 30 In Newfoundland, the infection was confined only to the wild red fox population until recently, when A. vasorum has begun to be increasingly detected in domestic dogs as well. 30 In 2011, the parasite was recorded in a red fox from West Virginia, USA, thus indicating a new geographical location for angiostrongylosis.…”

Section: Biology and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 In Newfoundland, the infection was confined only to the wild red fox population until recently, when A. vasorum has begun to be increasingly detected in domestic dogs as well. 30 In 2011, the parasite was recorded in a red fox from West Virginia, USA, thus indicating a new geographical location for angiostrongylosis. In particular, this is the first autochthonous record of A. vasorum infection in the US and from outside of Newfoundland, Canada.…”

Section: Biology and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 Red foxes have the largest geographical distribution of any other carnivore in North America, 32 where suitable susceptible definitive and intermediate hosts are abundant throughout the majority of this territory. 30 Also, local climatic conditions guarantee a potential survival and spread of A. vasorum; thus, the likelihood that a spread of A. vasorum in mainland North America will become a reality in the near future is indeed high. 30 The new reports of dog angiostrongylosis have raised the question of whether the nematode was indeed emerging in new areas or if an increased awareness has led to higher rates of diagnosis.…”

Section: Biology and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Also, local climatic conditions guarantee a potential survival and spread of A. vasorum; thus, the likelihood that a spread of A. vasorum in mainland North America will become a reality in the near future is indeed high. 30 The new reports of dog angiostrongylosis have raised the question of whether the nematode was indeed emerging in new areas or if an increased awareness has led to higher rates of diagnosis. The reasons for a possible emergence of A. vasorum have been considered speculative, but some drivers might be indeed involved in the spreading of A. vasorum from traditional foci to previously free areas.…”

Section: Biology and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Canine angiostrongylosis: recent advances in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment

Cesare¹,

Traversa²

2014

VMRR

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Angiostrongylus vasorum is a parasitic nematode affecting the heart and pulmonary arteries of wild (eg, foxes) and domestic canids. The parasite has an indirect life cycle in which slugs and snails act as intermediate hosts.In the last few years the parasite has spread outside the traditional endemic foci, and there is a rise of documented cases of canine angiostrongylosis across Europe. Angiostrongylus vasorum causes cardiopulmonary disorders and coagulopathies, along with different nonspecific clinical signs. Fatal infections are frequently reported. Given the severity of the infection and the recent geographic spreading of the parasite, this article reviews and discusses the current knowledge of A. vasorum, with a special focus on recent insights on diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of dog angiostrongylosis.

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Patterns of MHC-DRB1 polymorphism in a post-glacial island canid, the Newfoundland red fox (Vulpes vulpes deletrix), suggest balancing selection at species and population timescales

Marshall

Hann

Whitney³

2016

Immunogenetics

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As the only native insular Newfoundland canid between the extinction of the wolf in the 1930s and the recent arrival of coyotes, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes deletrix Bangs 1898) poses interesting questions about genetic distinctiveness and the post-glacial colonization history of the island’s depauperate mammalian fauna. Here, we characterized genetic variability at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II DR β1 domain (DRB1) locus in 28 red foxes from six sampling localities island-wide and compared it with mitochondrial control region (CR) diversity and DRB1 diversity in other canids. Our goals were to describe novel DRB1 alleles in a new canid population and to make inferences about the role of selection in maintaining their diversity. As in numerous studies of vertebrates, we found an order-of-magnitude higher nucleotide diversity at the DRB1 locus compared with the CR and significantly positive nonsynonymous-to-synonymous substitution ratios, indicative of selection in the distant past. Although the evidence is weaker, the Ewens-Watterson test of neutrality and the geographical distribution of variation compared with the CR suggest a role for selection over the evolutionary timescale of populations. We report the first genetic data from the DRB1 locus in the red fox and establish baseline information regarding immunogenetic variation in this island canid population which should inform continued investigations of population demography, adaptive genetic diversity, and wildlife disease in red foxes and related species.

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Canine angiostrongylosis: The French heartworm: An emerging threat in North America

Cited by 58 publications

References 67 publications

First report of a fatal autochthonous canine Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in Belgium

First report of a fatal autochthonous canine Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in Belgium

Canine angiostrongylosis: recent advances in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment

Patterns of MHC-DRB1 polymorphism in a post-glacial island canid, the Newfoundland red fox (Vulpes vulpes deletrix), suggest balancing selection at species and population timescales

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