Capacidade de predação de sementes de Erythrina falcata Benth. (Fabaceae, Faboideae) por larvas de três espécies de Lepidoptera – Crambidae e o efeito de parasitoides sobre a interação

Abstract

ResumoEste estudo teve como objetivo estimar a quantidade média de sementes de Erythrina falcata consumida por larvas de Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854), Liopasia ochracealis (Walker 1865) e Terastia meticulosalis (Guenée, 1854) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) que predam suas sementes. As larvas de lepidópteros foram coletadas de vagens de E. falcata em ambiente natural, individualizadas em placas de Petri e alimentadas com sementes imaturas. O número médio de sementes predadas variou de duas, para A. designalis a cinco para L. ochracealis. O parasitismo de Macrocentrus sp. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) em larvas de T. meticulosalis, é relatado pela primeira vez. Os resultados demonstram que a ação do parasitoide é um dos fatores que influencia nas taxas de predação de sementes de E. falcata por larvas de lepidópteros no ambiente natural. Palavras-chave:Interação inseto-planta; Mata Atlântica; Macrocentrus; Terastia meticulosalis AbstractPredation of Erythrina falcata Benth. (Fabaceae, Faboideae) seeds by larvae of three species of Lepidoptera (Crambidae) and the effect of parasitoids on the predation. This study aimed to estimate the average number of seeds of Erythrina falcata eaten by larvae of Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854), Liopasia ochracealis (Walker 1865) and Terastia meticulosalis (Guenée, 1854) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae), which prey on the seeds of this species. The lepidopteran larvae were collected in the field from fruits of E. falcata, isolated in Petri dishes, and fed with immature seeds. The average number of seeds preyed upon by the larvae ranged from two (A. designalis) to five (L. ochracealis). This work is also the first report of the parasitism of Macrocentrus sp. (Hymenoptera, Brachonidae) on larvae of T. meticulosalis. The results demonstrate that this parasitism is one of the factors that influence the rates of seed predation of E. falcata by lepidopteran larvae in the natural environment.

Insetos predadores de sementes de Cassia leptophylla e a relação entre os períodos pré e pós-dispersivos / Seed predators insects of Cassia leptophylla and the pre and post-dispersive periods relantionships

“…A expressiva abundância de indivíduos de C. tonosticha no período pós-dispersivo pode indicar maior dependência nutricional desta espécie pelo recurso alimentar proporcionado pelas sementes maduras de C. leptophylla. A espécie P. lineola, provavelmente possui um maior nicho de plantas hospedeiras, o que leva a diminuição da competição, intra e inter especificamente, pelo recurso alimentar proporcionado pela semente (Sourakov, 2011;Pereira, 2013) diminuindo assim, a quantidade de indivíduos encontrados predando as sementes de C. leptophylla independente ao período dispersivo.…”

First Record of Ectomyelois muriscis (Dyar, 1914) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Jatoba Hymenaea stigonocarpa (Fabaceae) Fruits in Brazil

“…Surveys carried out in different Brazilian biomes with leguminous tree species highlight the predation of seeds and fruits by bean weevils/seed beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (Santos, J. A. S. Costa, C. B. N. Costa, & Calado, 2015;Mojena & Barreto, 2016) Cryptophlebia carpophagoides Clarke, 1951 (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae) (Wink, Guedes, Murari, & Pelentir, 2007), microlepidoptera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Olethreutinae) (Boscardin, Costa, Garlet, & Oliveira, 2012), Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854), Liopasia ochracealis (Walker, 1865) and Terastia meticulosalis (Guenée, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (Pereira & Silva, 2013;Pedron et al, 2015).…”

Seed predation of forest species in the southern Amazon

“…insects, as this factor prolongs the development time of their larvae and directly affects the number of surviving seeds Pereira and Silva (2013). observed that Erythrina falcata they also have a predation index by three species of Crambidae: Liopasia ochracealis (Walker, 1866), Agathodes designalis (Guenée, 1854) and Terastia meticulosalis (Guenée, 1854), and this predation has a considerable result in decreasing the amount of viable seeds produced by the plant.As well as the presence of Pyralidae, Pinto (2007) obtained results indicating that Hypsipyla ferrealis(Hampson, 1929) and Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller, 1848) (Lepidoptera: Piralidae) are the main species of insects associated with predation on seeds of Carapa guianensis Aubl.…”