Capillary pressure and buoyancy effects in the CO₂/brine flow system

Abstract

The annual emission of CO 2 from human activities has exceeded the absorption abilities of nature. Carbon capture and geological storage is a solution that is able to combat the problem of excessive CO 2 release to the atmosphere, which endangers the lives of humans and all living things. Saline aquifer, which has a high permeability and storage capacity, has become a subject of interest as a CO 2 storage media. The flow of CO 2 into the aquifer initially occupied by saline water is the subject of study in this paper. Particularly, the effects of two significant parameters -capillary pressure and gravitational force have been considered. To solve the two phase flow equation, we have implemented the currently developed mixed and hybrid finite element method. The results show that capillary pressure enhance the flow of CO 2 whereas gravity force causes phase segregation with the less dense CO 2 flowing upward due to buoyancy forces.