Caprine Endometrial Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cell: Multilineage Potential, Characterization, and Growth Kinetics in Breeding and Anestrous Stages

Abstract

The endometrial layer of the uterus contains a population of cells with similar characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In the present study, caprine endometrial mesenchymal stromal stem cells (En-MSCs) characters and differentiation potential to chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic cell lines as well as their growth kinetics in breeding and anestrous stages were evaluated. En-MSCs were enzymatically isolated from endometrial layer of the uterus of adult goats and were cultured and subcultured until passage 4. The growth kinetics and population doubling time (PDT) of caprine En-MSCs in breeding and anestrous stages were determined. En-MSCs in passage 4 were used for the karyotyping and differentiation into chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes. The PDT in anestrus phase was 40.6 h and in cyclic goats was 53 h. En-MSCs were fibroblast-like in all passages. The number of chromosomes was normal (2n = 60) with no chromosomal instability. Chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation of En-MSCs was confirmed by staining with Alcian blue, Alizarin red, and Oil Red O, respectively. Caprine En-MSCs demonstrated to be an alternative source of MSCs for cell therapy purposes in regenerative medicine.

Mammalian MSC from selected species: Features and applications

“…In addition, chromosomal instability arising at higher passage numbers was described across several species including human , mouse , and rat . In contrast, no chromosomal instability was observed in endometrium‐derived goat MSC up to passage number 60 . In summary, the basic features of MSC from different species comprising multi‐lineage differentiation, surface marker expression besides others seem to be very similar, though not identical, at low passage numbers.…”

Preventive effects of intrauterine injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media on uterine fibrosis immediately after endometrial curettage in rabbit

“…On the other hand, because uterine epithelium tissue conations endometrial MSCs (32)(33)(34)(35) (36) and rat (38,39), but rabbit may have some more benefit than them. In the present study, we used rabbit model due to its larger size of uterus than murine models.…”

Endometrial Stem Cells in Farm Animals: Potential Role in Uterine Physiology and Pathology

“…Due to the absence of tissue- and species-specific surface eMSC markers, researchers have focused on the evaluation of functional stem cell characteristics rather than on their surface proteins. In this way, potential eMSCs have been described in the bovine, ovine, caprine, porcine, and equine endometrium [ 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 50 ]. These cells adhere to plastic and differentiate in vitro into chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes at the minimum, in addition to expressing particular membrane markers, some of which have been previously described in humans [ 40 ].…”

“…In other species, e.g., ovine, a specific population of CD271 + CD49f − was found to display high clonogenic efficiency upon re-cloning and differentiation to adipogenic, myogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages [ 13 ]. In the case of caprine species, eMSCs also showed high proliferation and in vitro differentiation potential, obtaining osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages [ 14 ]. In sows the existence of eMSCs was determined based on their high clonogenic ability, both osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation and the expression of MSCs markers described for humans, such as CD29, CD44, CD144, CD105 and CD140b, as well as the absence of CD34 and CD45 [ 11 ].…”

“…Since then, tens of endometrial stem cell studies have been reported, mainly in human and murine models; however, information available regarding other species, such as farm animals, is scarce. Nevertheless, stem cells have been described in or isolated from the endometrium of diverse species such as porcine [ 11 ], bovine [ 12 ], ovine [ 13 ], caprine [ 14 ] and equine [ 15 ].…”