Capsule-Producing Coryneform Bacteria Associated with Stickiness in Cotton

Wyatt, B.G.; Heintz, C. E.

doi:10.1177/004051758205200806

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Wyatt and Heintz [37] reported that possibly capsule-forming coryneform bacteria contribute to stickiness when they constitute a significant population of the bacteria present on cotton. Since previous investigators [5,8,9,25,28] reported that carbohydrates TABLE il.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Reducing the Stickiness of Cotton

Balasubramanya

Bhatawdekar

Paralikar

1985

Textile Research Journal

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Cottons contaminated with honeydew cannot be spun under normal conditions, and several methods such as washing, blending, spraying with yeast and, of late, applying a hydrocarbon and a surfactant have been used to reduce stickiness. Only the latter two methods have shown some encouraging results with few disadvantages. Spraying sticky cottons with Beijerinckia mobilis, a free living nitrogen-fixing bacterium, offers several advantages over the other methods apart from significantly reducing stickiness.The infestation of cotton plants by aphids or white flies causes the affected plant parts to secrete a sap. The tiny insects suck the sap, and the metabolic byproduct is a sticky substance called honeydew. Random deposits of this substance gain entry into the seed cotton even with careful picking after opening. They are very much localized and the intensity varies from season to season with growing conditions and maturity of cotton.Researchers have reported on the chemical composition of honeydew [4,5,8,9,13,16,22,25,28,29,32,33,36]. Usually sugars like glucose, fructose, and xylose and other carbohydrate materials like glycerol, mannitol, fumaric acid, malic acid, arabitol, mesoinositol, oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc., are present in varying amounts. Under optimum conditions, these substances may harbour saprophytic microorganisms which lower the quality of the cotton either by discoloration or by loss of strength. The presence of arabitol and mannitol in the sugary secretion might be caused by the metabolic byproduct produced by osmophilic yeasts during the catabolism of other sugars [29].Processing such cottons contaminated with honeydew under normal conditions poses many problems and is sometimes virtually impossible [27]. A number of methods such as washing, blending with good cotton, and spraying with yeast have been used to reduce stickiness. Washing distributes the sugars uniformly on the lint and favors the development of certain microorganisms under high humidity, which otherwise would not have been possible with the high concentration of the localized deposits. Cotton also becomes matted during washing and needs extensive separating, during which process there can be fiber breakage. Blending with good cotton also does not solve the problem, since the stickiness remains and may relocate during blending. Spraying with yeast is one of the ideal methods for reducing the concentration of sugars, but it leaves behind sugar alcohols such as arabitol and mannitol as metabolic byproducts on which saprophytic microorganisms may grow and reduce the quality of the lint. We have attempted to reduce stickiness by spraying Beijerinckia mobilis, a nitrogen-fixing bacterium, and the advantages of this over the reported methods are discussed. Materials and Methods SAMPLESThree varieties of cotton, 55189, and 55190 belonging to Gossypium hirsutum L. wem selected for the study. The first cotton could not be ginned, whereas the latter two were not spinnablc because of the presence of honeydew. ANALYTICAL Moisture was est...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Reducing the Stickiness of Cotton

Balasubramanya

Bhatawdekar

Paralikar

1985

Textile Research Journal

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Occurrence of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria on Bracts, Locules, and in Cotton Dust

Balasubramanya

Paralikar

1986

Textile Research Journal

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Stickiness Potential of Individual Insect Honeydew Carbohydrates on Cotton Lint

Miller

Peralta

Ellis

et al. 1994

Textile Research Journal

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Stickiness of cotton fiber is usually caused by honeydew deposits from phloem- feeding insects, including whiteflies and aphids. This work was conducted to determine if the specific sugars commonly found in insect honeydews have different stickiness properties when applied to cotton lint. Standard sugar solutions were applied to non sticky cotton lint using a chromatography sprayer and assessed for stickiness using a minicard. The results indicate significant variation in natural stickiness within the sugars commonly found in insect honeydews. Trehalulose, a major component of sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) honeydew, was very sticky, as were turanose, palatinose, and sucrose. Melezitose, raffinose, glucose, and fructose were relatively nonsticky. Oligosaccharide stickiness was not directly related to the oligomer chain length, at least up to DP 3. These results suggest efforts to exploit biological methods to ameliorate honeydew-affected lint should focus on sugar components known to be sticky.

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Capsule-Producing Coryneform Bacteria Associated with Stickiness in Cotton

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

A New Method for Reducing the Stickiness of Cotton

A New Method for Reducing the Stickiness of Cotton

Occurrence of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria on Bracts, Locules, and in Cotton Dust

Stickiness Potential of Individual Insect Honeydew Carbohydrates on Cotton Lint

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