The objective of this study was to describe gonad development in a population of the freshwater shrimp Atya scabra (Leach, 1815) from Bia river, Côte d'Ivoire. Moreover, the levels of the sex hormones P4, T and E2 were measured in the gonads to verify whether they are present in this shrimp, and, if present, also to see if their levels varied according to the gonad development stage. The histological examination of gonads and the quantification of these hormones were done in shrimps collected monthly for 1 year. This study shows the presence of the sex steroid hormones in A. scabra for the first time and indicates a relationship of these with the gonad development. The current data provide valuable information on shrimp reproduction, which are necessary for developing sustainable management strategies.