Caractériser la diversité des exploitations maraîchères de la région de Bobo-Dioulasso au Burkina Faso pour faciliter leur transition agroécologique

Abstract

Une typologie basée sur les pratiques maraîchères a été réalisée à partir d’enquêtes auprès de 300 producteurs de dix périmètres maraîchers en milieu urbain, semi-urbain et rural de la région de Bobo-Dioulasso au Burkina Faso, afin d’évaluer le potentiel d’évolution des exploitations vers des systèmes de culture plus écologiques. Aucun agriculteur ne pratique actuellement une production exclusivement biologique ou agroécologique. La typologie a permis de définir quatre types d’exploitations sur base de leur localisation, de leur superficie, de l’intensité d’utilisation des pesticides et des engrais minéraux et organiques. Ces exploitations présentent des atouts en commun, comme la pratique généralisée de la rotation et de l’association des cultures et de la fertilisation organique, mais aussi des défis spécifiques à relever en termes d’usage des pesticides de synthèse et de fertilisation raisonnée pour une transition agroécologique. Les producteurs ont généralement une connaissance faible et imprécise des effets de leurs pratiques sur l’environnement, tout particulièrement en milieu urbain où la sensibilisation aux impacts sanitaires et environnementaux des pratiques maraîchères doit être renforcée.

Scoping study on fruits and vegetables : results from Burkina Faso

“…Fruits and vegetables are also cultivated in 500 ha of lowlands where water collects into wells and reservoirs during the rainy season. Overall, the production period of vegetables is largely dependent upon the availability of rain, which varies from 3-10 months between September and July (Gross, 2018;Ouédraogo et al, 2019). Vegetable farming in Burkina Faso is practiced in its entirety over small plot areas.…”

“…Because amaranth grows within three months, it is an important crop for vegetable producers who do not have enough working capital or need more working capital to grow vegetables that require longer production cycles (Ouédraogo et al 2019;Gross, 2018). The same focus group discussion also mentioned that men have a monopoly on cabbage production while women have a strong presence in wholesale, retail and transportation.…”

“…For cabbage, women are deterred by the difficulty of accessing land and the relatively long production cycle of 3-4 months. In the Hauts-Bassins region where cabbage is the most important crop produced (88% of respondents in urban, semi-urban and rural settings), the percentage of male producers approaches 100% (Ouédraogo et al, 2019). The same applies for vegetable production in the 'Region du Nord', where cabbage is also among the most frequently produced vegetables: women are mainly involved in processing and commercialization of cabbage and occasionally have their own garden (Catalystas, 2019).…”

Assessment of the contamination of Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce) and Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) by pesticides: Case of market gardeners in Ouagadougou

“…Today, agriculture, in general, and market gardening, in particular, must encounter several challenges such as not only increasing the food supply but also the requirement of agricultural production guaranteeing health security and quality, nutrition, and respect for the environment [1]. However, in several developing countries, regulations in terms of production techniques or the sanitary quality of agricultural production are either nonexistent or not accompanied by effective control of practices, inputs, and food products [1].…”

Trace Metal Elements (Pb, Cd and As), 15N Nitrogen and Phosphorus Isotopes Accumulation in Three Varieties of Tomato from Conventional and Agro-Ecological Farming Systems in Burkina Faso

“…Nowadays, agriculture including market gardening, is facing many challenges such as the increase in food supply and the need for agricultural production that guarantees food safety, nutritional quality and respect for the environment [1]. Indeed, market gardening production, particularly that of tomatoes in Burkina Faso plays an important nutritional and economic role, with annual production estimated at 300,000 tons, including an export of 100,000 tons [2].…”