Carbon black nanoparticle exposure during middle and late fetal development induces immune activation in male offspring mice

El‐Sayed, Yasser S.; Shimizu, Ryuhei; Onoda, Atsuto; Takeda, Ken; Umezawa, Masakazu

doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.11.005

Cited by 54 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In addition, the effects of adverse intrauterine environment on fetal thymocytes could last until after birth. Researchers found that carbon black nanoparticle exposure during middle and late pregnancy could increase DN and DP at different time points19. In this study, we also examined the thymocyte phenotypes at three time points, which were gestational day (GD)18, PND14 and PND 49, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After migrating out of the thymus, the mature native T cells differentiate into effector T cells (such as Th) under the stimulation of cytokines in periphery. Several studies showed that the abnormal development of the thymus, such as reduced output or changed proportion of phenotypes, could lead to the dysfunction of peripheral effector T cells181920. Owing to the high lipid solubility, nicotine can be easily absorbed and accumulated in the fetus after crossing the placental barrier.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Increased Fetal Thymocytes Apoptosis Contributes to Prenatal Nicotine Exposure-induced Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Male Offspring Mice

Chen

Yan

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Nicotine, a definite risk factor during pregnancy, is an immunomodulator. This study was designed to investigate the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) on the balance of Th1/Th2 in offspring, and further explore the developmental origin mechanisms from the perspective of fetal thymocytes apoptosis. Pregnant Balb/c mice were administered 1.5 mg/kg nicotine subcutaneously twice per day from gestational day (GD) 9 to GD18. Results showed that PNE could cause a Th2 shift in male offspring, manifested as increased ratio of IgG1/IgG2a, IL-4 production in serum, and IL-4/IFN-γ expression ratio in spleen. Increased apoptosis of total thymocytes and CD4SP and reduced cell proportion of CD4SP were found in PNE male offspring on postnatal day (PND) 14 and PND 49. In the fetuses, decreased body weight and organ index of fetal thymus, histological changes in fetal thymus, reduced CD4SP proportion and increased fetal thymocyte apoptosis were observed in nicotine group. The increased mRNA expression of genes involved in Fas-mediated apoptotic pathway and protein expression of Fas were also detected. In conclusion, PNE could cause a Th2 shift in male offspring mediated by reduced CD4+ T cells output, which may result from the increasing apoptosis of total thymocytes and CD4SP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Fetal Thymocytes Apoptosis Contributes to Prenatal Nicotine Exposure-induced Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Male Offspring Mice

Chen

Yan

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Offspring from exposed dams had higher total cell counts also leading to significantly increased numbers of the investigated cell populations. mRNA levels of genes related to induction of peripheral tolerance were upregulated in spleen [129]. In a similar study using microsized particles (≈1 m), BALB/c mice received a single 50 g intranasal dose of TiO 2 , DE or carbon black particle exposure on GD 14.…”

Section: Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Except from one recent paper [129] and an yet unpublished report [130], we are not aware of studies that describe maternal NP exposure and the resulting adverse effects on the immune responses in the offspring. In one animal study, female C57Bl/6 mice were intratracheally instilled with 67 g of MWCNT on the day before mating.…”

Section: Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This hampers the ability to conclude directly on the correlation between maternal particle exposure and adverse immunological outcomes in the offspring. Furthermore, about half of the cited studies lack information on the number of pregnant animals and/or the number of pups used from each litter, precluding evaluation of the potential for litter effects (and thereby inflation of group size) in the analysis of outcomes [129,131,137,138]. Further, only few dose-response studies were performed [135,136] and most studies relied on a single or few maternal lung/nose depositions rather than repeated inhalation exposures.…”

Section: Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A perspective on the developmental toxicity of inhaled nanoparticles

Hougaard

Campagnolo

Chavatte‐Palmer

et al. 2015

Reproductive Toxicology

158

126

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This paper aimed to clarify whether maternal inhalation of engineered nanoparticles (NP) may constitute a hazard to pregnancy and fetal development, primarily based on experimental animal studies of NP and air pollution particles. Overall, it is plausible that NP may translocate from the respiratory tract to the placenta and fetus, but also that adverse effects may occur secondarily to maternal inflammatory responses. The limited database describes several organ systems in the offspring to be potentially sensitive to maternal inhalation of particles, but large uncertainties exist about the implications for embryo-fetal development and health later in life. Clearly, the potential for hazard remains to be characterized. Considering the increased production and application of nanomaterials and related consumer products a testing strategy for NP should be established. Due to large gaps in data, significant amounts of groundwork are warranted for a testing strategy to be established on a sound scientific basis.

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Carbon Black

et al. 2023

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Carbon black is a powdered form of elemental carbon in the form of near‐spherical colloidal particles and coalesced particle aggregates of colloidal size, obtained by partial combustion or thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons. Due to its structure of aciniform (grape‐like) aggregates, carbon black is a member of the class of substances known as industrial aciniform aggregates (IAA), which also include precipitated amorphous silica, pyrogenic silica, titania, and pyrogenic alumina. It is distinguishable from other commercial carbons, such as charcoal, by its fine particulate nature and the shape, structure, and degree of fusion of the particles observed with the electron microscope. The fundamental unit of a carbon black particle is the aggregate.

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Carbon black nanoparticle exposure during middle and late fetal development induces immune activation in male offspring mice

Cited by 54 publications

References 71 publications

Increased Fetal Thymocytes Apoptosis Contributes to Prenatal Nicotine Exposure-induced Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Male Offspring Mice

Increased Fetal Thymocytes Apoptosis Contributes to Prenatal Nicotine Exposure-induced Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Male Offspring Mice

A perspective on the developmental toxicity of inhaled nanoparticles

Carbon Black

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