Carbon dioxide sequestration in underground formations: review of experimental, modeling, and field studies

Abstract

Carbon dioxide has gradually found widespread usage in the field of science and engineering while various efforts have focused on ways to combat the menace resulting from the release of this compound in the atmosphere. A major approach to combating this release is by storage in various geological formations ranging from depleted reservoir types such as saline aquifers to other carbon sinks. In this research study, we reviewed the experimental, modeling, and field studies related to the underground storage of CO2. A considerable amount of research has been conducted in simulating and modeling CO2 sequestration in the subsurface. This review highlights some of the latest contributions. Additionally, the impact of CO2 sequestration on its surroundings due to chemical reactions, adsorption, capillarity, hysteresis, and wettability were reviewed. Some major challenges associated with CO2 injection have also been highlighted. Finally, this work presents a brief history of selected field scale projects such as Sleipner, Weyburn, In Salah, Otway Basin, Snøhvit, Alberta, Boundary Dam, Cranfield, and Ketzin. Thus, this study provides a guide of the CO2 storage process from the perspectives of experimental, modelling, and existing field studies.

Analysis of mathematical modeling methods in the processes of underground injection, storage, and conversion of carbon dioxide

“…This method is reliable only in cases where oil and gas fields and sedimentary basins are well studied in various geological aspects and characteristics. 12 When CO 2 is captured by mineral trapping, carbon dioxide reacts with the rock to form solid carbonates. This process takes place over thousands to billions of years, depending on the reactivity of the rock.…”

“…The capillary trapping capacity of a rock is described as the fraction of the pore volume which contains the trapped phase. 12…”

“…Hydrodynamic trapping requires the presence of an impermeable cap rock that prevents the vertical migration of CO 2 . This method is reliable only in cases where oil and gas fields and sedimentary basins are well studied in various geological aspects and characteristics 12 …”

“…The effects of gravity and capillarity begin after the completion of injection, which as a result affects the separation of the fluid and the capture of gas by brine or rock. 12 The capacity design of any proposed CO 2 storage medium is also a key step when considering the storage method and potential trap. Most storage systems consist of heterogenous reservoir systems with characteristic areas of low permeability.…”

Catalog of Coefficients for Estimating Bulk and Shear Moduli as a Function of Lithology

“…Commer, et al [3] attempted to clarify hydrogeophysical parameter estimation concepts when applied to 4D seismic monitoring of fluid injection process. Kalam, et al [4] reviewed several geological sequestration projects.…”