Carbon Disulfide Poisoning

McDONALD, Robb

doi:10.1001/archopht.1938.00850230147011

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Carbon disulphide (CS2) exposure can lead to widely different pathological conditions such as mental aberrations, hypertension, extrapyramidal symptoms and atherosclerosis (Quarelli, 1937;Gordy & Trumper, 1938;McDonald, 1938;Lewey, 1941a; Paluch, 1948;Vigliani & Pernis, 1955 ;Weist, 1957;Magos, 1961;Szobor, 1962). Recently, Tiller, Schilling & Morris (1968) have given statistical evidence on the increased frequency of death from coronary heart disease among viscose workers exposed to CS, and other toxic agents in this country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of carbon disulphide exposure on brain catecholamines in rats

Magós

1970

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. Rats exposed to 2-0 mg/i. carbon disulphide (CS2) in the inspired air for 2 days, 4 h a day, showed a 13 % decrease in their brain noradrenaline concentration and a 16 % increase in their brain dopamine concentration. 2. After exposure for 5 or 10 days there was a further decrease in the concentration of noradrenaline in the brain, but brain dopamine returned to the control level. 3. In animals treated intraperitoneally with 2 0 mg/kg reserpine and exposed 2 and 3 days later to 20 mg/I. CS2 for 4 h per day, the brain dopamine concentration showed a 770/o increase compared with the unexposed reserpinized animals, but the noradrenaline concentration remained unchanged. 4. The dopamine concentrations in the adrenals after 10 days' exposure to 2-0 mg/I. CS2 were 67% to 100% higher than in the control animals. In reserpinized rats, 2 days' exposure to CS2 nearly trebled the dopamine content of adrenals. 5. Exposure to CS2 had no effect on the tyrosine concentration in the brain, and there was no change in the brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity.Tyrosine in the brain showed a 30 to 96% increase in concentration and MAO activity, using kynuramine as substrate, showed an approximately 5% increase 0-5 to 2 h after the subcutaneous administration of 500 mg/kg sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. 6. CS2 at 10-2M or lower concentrations had no inhibitory effect on the brain MAO activity in vitro. Diethyldithiocarbamate inhibited MAO at 10-2M, but not at 10-3M or lower concentrations. IntroductionCarbon disulphide (CS2) exposure can lead to widely different pathological conditions such as mental aberrations, hypertension, extrapyramidal symptoms and atherosclerosis (Quarelli, 1937; Gordy & Trumper, 1938;McDonald, 1938;Lewey, 1941a;Paluch, 1948;Vigliani & Pernis, 1955 ;Weist, 1957;Magos, 1961;Szobor, 1962). Recently, Tiller, Schilling & Morris (1968) have given statistical evidence on the increased frequency of death from coronary heart disease among viscose workers exposed to CS, and other toxic agents in this country.As catecholamines or drugs acting on catecholamine metabolism can influence brain functions and behaviour

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of carbon disulphide exposure on brain catecholamines in rats

Magós

1970

British J Pharmacology

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“…However, CS2 retinopathy shows clinical and pathological pictures different from those of diabetic retinopathy, and it has many signs in common with the senile retinopathy reported by Cogan et al (1967). Support of this conclusion comes from studies showing that CS2 exposure causes signs indicative of arteriosclerosis such as general narrowing and irregularity of vessel caliber in animals and humans (McDonald 1938;Maugeri et al 1966). Further recent epidemiological studies using fluorescein angiography and oculosphygmography by Raitta et al (1974Raitta et al ( , 1975 are interesting in that disturbance of choroidal circulation and a decreased blood flow through the capillaries of the eye were found to be attributable to CS2 exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Case Comparison Study of Carbon Disulfide Retinopathy and Diabetic Retinopathy Using Fluorescein Fundus Angiography

Karai

Sugimoto

Goto

1983

Acta Ophthalmologica

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To clarify the pathological difference of retinal changes between carbon disulfide (CS2) and diabetic retinopathies, fluorescein fundus angiograms of 92 workers with CS2 retinopathy (Group I) were compared with those of 37 cases with diabetic retinopathy (Group II) and 40 workers who had not been exposed to CS2 (Group III). The results were: 1) Ellipsoid or loop-shaped microaneurysms were observed in 25% of Group I, and in 5% of Groups II and III. 2) Fluorescein leakage from vessels was observed in Group II, but not in Groups I and III. 3) An avascular area of the retina was observed in Groups I and II. The avascular area in CS2 retinopathy was small and local and showed no tendency of enlarging. 4) Atrophic/degenerative changes of the pigmentary epithelium were observed in 40% of Group I, 11% of Group II and 15% of Group III.

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Changes in the Nervous System Following Carbon Disulfide Poisoning in Animals and in Man

Alpers¹,

Lewy²

1940

Arch NeurPsych

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Carbon Disulfide Poisoning

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

The effects of carbon disulphide exposure on brain catecholamines in rats

The effects of carbon disulphide exposure on brain catecholamines in rats

A Case Comparison Study of Carbon Disulfide Retinopathy and Diabetic Retinopathy Using Fluorescein Fundus Angiography

Changes in the Nervous System Following Carbon Disulfide Poisoning in Animals and in Man

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