“…22,23 To date, CDs as a new type of emerging uorescent nanoma terials, have been reported for their promising applications in metal cations and anions analysis, 24,25 photocatalysis, 26 biological imaging, 27,28 biosensors, [29][30][31][32] environmental analysis, 33,34 small molecules detection. [35][36][37] In view of carbon sources, the synthetic strategy are used to prepare carbon dots mainly refers to three kinds of classes, combustion/strong acid oxidizing raw carbon materials, 26 hydrothermal process of biomass, 38,39 carbonization of small molecule carbon precursors with different passivation reagents, achieving simultaneous fabrication and surface functionalization of CDs. 24,40 It is worth note that hydrothermal process of biomass is a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly method, and the number of bioresources that can be used for the preparation of carbon dots is more than that of other two types of carbon materials.…”