Carbon nanotube enhanced selective micro filtration of butanol

Paul, Sumona; Roy, Sagar; Mitra, Somenath

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2023.125462

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The findings in Figure b,c reveal that increasing the dip-coating time up to 12 h and extending the FAS concentrations from 0.5 to 3% (v/v) had a positive effect on enhancing the ethanol contact angle of the FAS-coated membrane surface. The incorporation of CNTs onto the membranes establishes hierarchical structures, enhancing hydrophobicity as noted in a prior study. ,, However, a membrane embedded solely with CNTs did not exhibit promising resistance to wetting from pure ethanol . Therefore, the concentration of FAS and the duration of dipping are pivotal in attaining omniphobicity in the membrane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed for the modified and unmodified samples using the PerkinElmer Pyris 7 TGA system ,,, and is displayed in Figure S3. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed to study the thermal stability of modified and unmodified samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface morphology of the membranes was analyzed using SEM, model JSM-7900F, JEOL USA Inc. The membrane samples, cut into 0.5 cm long pieces, were carbon-coated for SEM imaging, following previously established protocols. ,,,, Figure displays SEM images of both the unmodified PTFE membrane (control) and the modified membranes. In Figure a, the original PTFE membrane surface reveals interconnected pores and a relatively rough texture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wetting property of membranes when exposed to increasing ethanol concentrations is an important consideration. , The contact angle at higher ethanol concentrations is an important parameter. This was performed using liquid droplets (4 μL) which were dropped on the membrane surface using a Hamilton microsyringe (0–10 μL), and a stage-mounted video camera was used to record its picture. ,,, A minimum of five readings was taken, and the average contact angle was reported. Based on the findings presented in Figure a, the PTFE demonstrated a water contact angle of approximately 120° and very minimal wetting resistance to ethanol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Omniphobic, Bilayer Carbon Nanotube-Immobilized Fluorinated (FAS) Membranes for Bioethanol Recovery at High Concentrations via Membrane Distillation

Paul,

Roy,

Mitra

2024

Energy Fuels

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Thermal distillation is the traditional method of choice for recovering ethanol from the diluted fermentation broth. However, this conventional approach incurs significant energy and capital expenses. While membrane distillation (MD) has shown promise in reducing costs, traditional MD membranes can only handle relatively low feed ethanol concentrations, which limits the range of ethanol purification. In this paper, we present the development of novel omniphobic membranes with antiwetting properties for separating relatively high concentrations of bioethanol via MD, which has not been achievable using conventional membranes. The bilayer membrane structure consists of a coating of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with poly(vinylidene fluoride)-cohexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) and a second layer comprising a fluorinated alkyl silane (FAS), namely, 1H,1H,2H,2H--Perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane. The FAS-coated carbon nanotube-immobilized membranes (FAS-CNIM) exhibited excellent omniphobic characteristics, with contact angles of 155°for water and 125°for 50% aqueous ethanol, which were 29 and 92.3% higher than those of a conventional poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membrane, respectively. The study evaluated ethanol vapor flux, separation factor, mass transfer coefficient, and permeate separation index, all of which were superior for FAS-CNIM. Ethanol flux reached as high as 5.53 kg/m 2 •h, and the separation factor reached 10.78. The FAS-CNIM successfully prevented membrane wetting up to 40% ethanol concentration with activated diffusion on the CNT surface playing a key role. The results show a remarkable 173.37% increase in ethanol enrichment and a 70% improvement in the separation factor compared to that of the control FAS membrane without the CNT coating.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Omniphobic, Bilayer Carbon Nanotube-Immobilized Fluorinated (FAS) Membranes for Bioethanol Recovery at High Concentrations via Membrane Distillation

Paul,

Roy,

Mitra

2024

Energy Fuels

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“…Adsorption and solvent extraction techniques have been used. The selection of a specific recovery method depends on factors such as the desired purity of the product, the required quantity, and the cost-effectiveness of the method [44][45][46]. In general, the aforementioned methods tend to be expensive and/or energy intensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Isoamyl Alcohol by Graphene Oxide Immobilized Membrane and Air-Sparged Membrane Distillation

Bhoumick,

Paul,

Roy

et al. 2024

Membranes

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Isoamyl alcohol is an important biomass fermentation product that can be used as a gasoline surrogate, jet fuel precursor, and platform molecule for the synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. This study reports on the use of graphene oxide immobilized membra (GOIMs) for the recovery of isoamyl alcohol from an aqueous matrix. The separation was performed using air-sparged membrane distillation (ASMD). In contrast to a conventional PTFE membrane, which exhibited minimal separation, preferential adsorption on graphene oxide within GOIMs resulted in highly selective isoamyl alcohol separation. The separation factor reached 6.7, along with a flux as high as 1.12 kg/m2 h. Notably, the overall mass transfer coefficients indicated improvements with a GOIM. Optimization via response surfaces showed curvature effects for the separation factor due to the interaction effects. An empirical model was generated based on regression equations to predict the flux and separation factor. This study demonstrates the potential of GOIMs and ASMD for the efficient recovery of higher alcohols from aqueous solutions, highlighting the practical applications of these techniques for the production of biofuels and bioproducts.

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Fouling Reduction and Thermal Efficiency Enhancement in Membrane Distillation Using a Bilayer-Fluorinated Alkyl Silane–Carbon Nanotube Membrane

Paul,

Bhoumick,

Mitra

2024

Membranes

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In this study, we report the robust hydrophobicity, lower fouling propensity, and high thermal efficiency of the 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (FAS)-coated, carbon nanotube-immobilized membrane (CNIM) when applied to desalination via membrane distillation. Referred to as FAS-CNIM, the membrane was developed through a process that combined the drop-casting of nanotubes flowed by a dip coating of the FAS layer. The membranes were tested for porosity, surface morphology, thermal stability, contact angle, and flux. The static contact angle of the FAS-CNIM was 153 ± 1°, and the modified membrane showed enhancement in water flux by 18% compared to the base PTFE membrane. The flux was tested at different operating conditions and the fouling behavior was investigated under extreme conditions using a CaCO3 as well as a mixture of CaCO3 and CaSO4 solution. The FAS-CNIM showed significantly lower fouling than plain PTFE or the CNIM; the relative flux reduction was 34.4% and 37.6% lower than the control for the CaCO3 and CaCO3/CaSO4 mixed salt solution. The FAS-CNIM exhibited a notable decrease in specific energy consumption (SEC). Specifically, the SEC for the FAS-CNIM measured 311 kwh/m3 compared to 330.5 kwh/m3 for the CNIM and 354 kwh/m3 for PTFE using a mixture of CaCO3/CaSO4. This investigation underscores the significant contribution of the carbon nanotubes’ (CNTs) intermediate layer in creating a durable superhydrophobic membrane, highlighting the potential of utilizing carbon nanotubes for tailored interface engineering to tackle fouling for salt mixtures. The innovative design of a superhydrophobic membrane has the potential to alleviate wetting issues resulting from low surface energy contaminants present in the feed of membrane distillation processes.

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Carbon nanotube enhanced selective micro filtration of butanol

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

Omniphobic, Bilayer Carbon Nanotube-Immobilized Fluorinated (FAS) Membranes for Bioethanol Recovery at High Concentrations via Membrane Distillation

Omniphobic, Bilayer Carbon Nanotube-Immobilized Fluorinated (FAS) Membranes for Bioethanol Recovery at High Concentrations via Membrane Distillation

Recovery of Isoamyl Alcohol by Graphene Oxide Immobilized Membrane and Air-Sparged Membrane Distillation

Fouling Reduction and Thermal Efficiency Enhancement in Membrane Distillation Using a Bilayer-Fluorinated Alkyl Silane–Carbon Nanotube Membrane

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