Carbonaceous Aerosol From Open Burning and its Impact on Regional Weather in South Asia

Singh, Prashant; Sarawade, Pradip B.; Adhikary, Bhupesh

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2019.03.0146

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Assessing the total amount of columnar aerosol is critical not only for studying its impact on human health but also on solar radiation, cloud condensation processes, and climate change over South and Southeast Asia (e.g. Dumka et al, 2015;Pani et al, 2016Pani et al, , 2018Singh et al, 2020). Since the high pollution levels is a major environmental and health issue in SEA countries, it is essential to understand the degree and the spatial extent of the decrease in air pollutants and aerosols due to restriction measures during the COVID-19 period in spring 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19's impact on the atmospheric environment in the Southeast Asia region

Kanniah

Zaman

Kaskaoutis

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

290

255

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19's impact on the atmospheric environment in the Southeast Asia region

Kanniah

Zaman

Kaskaoutis

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

290

255

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show abstract

“…In this analysis, a threshold criterion of the top 25 % concentration (ratio) was chosen (Deng et al, 2020). Backward trajectories were simulated with the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYS-PLIT) from NOAA/ARL to characterize the regional sources and transport of air masses arriving in Xiamen (Stein et al, 2015). Five-day backward trajectories ending at a height of 500 m were calculated every hour using the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) reanalysis meteorological dataset with a 1 • × 1 • latitude-longitude resolution.…”

Section: Potential Sources Of Bc Ff and Bc Bbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spring, strong open burning in South China might significantly influence BC concentrations in the surrounding regions near the sources, which would contribute to a larger biomass-burning contribution in Xiamen. Intensive open burning in South Asia and Southeast Asia countries (Sharma et al, 2010;Vadrevu et al, 2015;Singh et al, 2020) in spring also affected the biomassburning contribution in Xiamen through long-range transport (Fig. 9).…”

Section: Source-oriented Modeling-based Source Apportionment Of Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of black carbon aerosols from light absorption observation and source-oriented modeling: an implication in a coastal city in China

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is the most important light-absorbing aerosol in the atmosphere. However, sources of atmospheric BC aerosols are largely uncertain, making it difficult to assess its influence on radiative forcing and climate change. In this study, year-round light-absorption observations were conducted during 2014 using an aethalometer in Xiamen, a coastal city in Southeast China. Source apportionment of BC was performed and temporal variations in BC sources were characterized based on both light absorption measurements and a source-oriented air quality model. The annual average concentrations of BC from fossil fuel (BCff) and biomass burning (BCbb) by the aethalometer method were 2932 ± 1444 ng m−3 and 1340 ± 542 ng m−3, contributing 66.7 % and 33.3 % to total BC, respectively. A sensitivity analysis was performed with different absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) values of fossil fuel combustion (αff) and biomass burning (αbb), suggesting that the aethalometer method was more sensitive to changes in αbb than αff. BCbb contribution exhibited a clear diurnal cycle, with the highest level (37.9 %) in the evening rush hour and a seasonal pattern with the maximum (39.9 %) in winter. Conditional probability function (CPF) analysis revealed the large biomass-burning contributions were accompanied by east-northeasterly and northerly winds. Backward trajectory indicated that air masses from North and East–Central China were associated with larger biomass-burning contributions. Potential source contribution function (PSCF) and concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT) suggested that North and East–Central China and Southeast Asia were potential sources of both BCff and BCbb. The source-oriented modeling results showed that transportation, residential and open biomass burning accounting for 45.3 %, 30.1 % and 17.6 % were the major BC sources. Among the three fuel catalogs, liquid fossil fuel (46.5 %) was the largest source, followed by biomass burning (32.6 %) and coal combustion (20.9 %). Source contributions of fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning identified by the source-oriented model were 67.4 % and 32.6 %, respectively, close to those obtained by the aethalometer method. The findings provide solid support for controlling fossil fuel sources to limit the impacts of BC on climate change and environmental degradation in the relatively clean region in China.

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“…Figure 2 shows that in a major portion of South Asia, the PM 2.5 value decreased remarkably (Khanum et al 2017 ; Luong Ly et al 2019 ; Srivastava et al 2020 ). According to a study comparing to the last year, Delhi observed a nearly 40% reduction in PM 2.5 during the lockdown (Singh et al 2020 ; Mahato et al 2020 ). The PM 2.5 level approached its normal range (40 g/m 3 ), which was much higher in 2017 (89.9 g/m 3 ) in Delhi.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: effects on the air quality of South Asia

Kandari

2021

Environmental Sustainability

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The world is facing an unexpected, like never before, situation due to COVID-19. The measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic are to incorporate lockdown, social distancing, disconnection, and home isolation. Lockdown was enforced by the various governments of the South Asian countries, which include non-working of all the businesses and assembling units, with limited access to the outer world pertaining to essential commodities. However, During the COVID-19 pandemic, an uncommon positive impact is noteworthy for worldwide abatement in air-contamination levels. Principally, specialists have estimated significant improvement in air quality and a remarkable decrease in concentration levels of various harmful gases like sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O 3 ). In this article, there is an analysis made on the impact of Covid-19 lockdown on the air quality of the South Asian region i.e. (that is) the various environmental parameters along with others namely aerosol, temperature, and particulate matter (PM 2.5 , PM 10 ). The work includes the refining and analysis of crude information of this present (2020) and the past year of different toxic gases and parameters of air pollutants. These have been obtained from pollution control boards of respective South Asian nations alongside information and satellite pictures from the UN Environment Program and Space Administration for correlation of various parameters. It has been observed that there is a sharp dip in the pollutant concentration in South Asia. This examination altogether will be valuable data to environmentalists and experts to make the future policies for improving air quality and the environment.

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Carbonaceous Aerosol From Open Burning and its Impact on Regional Weather in South Asia

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

COVID-19's impact on the atmospheric environment in the Southeast Asia region

COVID-19's impact on the atmospheric environment in the Southeast Asia region

Source apportionment of black carbon aerosols from light absorption observation and source-oriented modeling: an implication in a coastal city in China

COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: effects on the air quality of South Asia

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