Carboplatin Hypersensitivity and Desensitization in an Infant

Abstract

Although the reported incidence of carboplatin hypersensitivity is low, it is important to describe it because of its potentially fatal consequences. A 1-year-old Mexican girl weighing 10 kg who had optic nerve glioma was initially scheduled to receive 12 cycles of 600 mg/m2 carboplatin (CBP) as two 300-mg/m2 intravenous infusions administered over 1 hour on 2 different days and a 1-hour intravenous infusion of 1.5 mg/m2 vincristine every 4 weeks. The patient had no history of drug allergies or any type of adverse drug reaction, but she developed itchiness, maculopapular rash, sweating, respiratory distress, and anxiety during the seventh cycle of CBP. According to the algorithm developed by Naranjo et al, the adverse drug reaction was classified as definite secondary to CBP and confirmed by positive skin tests indicating hypersensitivity to the drug. After evaluating the clinical course of the adverse drug reaction and considering the need to continue cancer treatment, a decision was made to desensitize the patient to CBP. The desensitization procedure took 8 hours and was performed during each new chemotherapy cycle until the 12 cycles of chemotherapy were successfully completed. In summary, a case of CBP hypersensitivity in a 1-year-old girl who was successfully desensitized to CBP is reported.

Hypersensitivity Reactions Associated with Platinum Antineoplastic Agents: A Systematic Review

“…The population consisted predominantly of women with ovarian cancer, therefore, its efficacy, and safety remain to be proven in other populations as well [53]. It should be noted that there have also been reports of successful desensitization in children [95]. Risks and benefits of desensitization protocols must be carefully weighed, and patients should be informed of the danger as there is still risk of anaphylaxis, or even death during the platinum rechallenge [89, 90, 96].…”