Carbosilane Dendrimers – Synthesis, Functionalization, Application

Abstract

Summary. This micro-review summarizes historical and recent developments in synthesis, functionalization, and characterization of carbosilane dendrimers. These compounds are the most important among the heteroatom-based dendrimers at present due to the flexibility of the synthetic route and to their chemical stability which allows versatile further functionalization. Synthesis as well as application potential of carbosilane dendrimers for catalysis, host-guest chemistry, liquid crystals, and novel polymer topologies is discussed.Keywords. Carbosilane; Dendrimer; Catalysis; Liquid crystals; Hyperbranched.Carbosilandendrimere -Synthese, Funktionalisierung und Anwendung Zusammenfassung. Der vorliegende Mikroreview faSt historische und aktuelle Entwicklungen bezuglich Synthese, Funktionalisierung und Charakterisierung von Carbosilandendrimeren zusammen. Wegen der Variabilitat der Syntheseroute und ihrer chemischen Stabilitat, die weitere Funktionalisierung erlaubt, zahlen diese Verbindungen zu den wichtigsten unter den Heteroatomdendrimeren. Synthese und Potential der Carbosilandendrimere auf den Gebieten der Katalyse, Wirt-Gast-Chemie, Flussigkristalle und neuer Polymertopologien werden diskutiert.

Synthesis of anionic carbosilane dendrimers via “click chemistry” and their antiviral properties against HIV

“…Carbosilane dendrimers are a type of hyperbranched macromolecules based on CASi bonds which provides them with an hydrophobic internal skeleton. 22 However, these dendrimers can be transformed in water soluble compounds by an accurate functionalization of their surface, for example with ionic groups (cationic or anionic). The presence of a highly functionalized surface in these dendrimers along with a defined structure and inertness have allowed their recent used in medicinal chemistry.…”

“…Carbosilane dendrimers are a type of hyperbranched macromolecules based on CSi bonds which provides them with an hydrophobic internal skeleton . However, these dendrimers can be transformed in water soluble compounds by an accurate functionalization of their surface, for example with ionic groups (cationic or anionic).…”

Peptide dendrimers

“…Dendrimers with high thermal stability are also known [47]. Dendrimers can be used for catalysis [3,27,44,45,67], for asymmetric catalysis [34,43], as surfactants [21], as materials for host-guest chemistry, where molecular recognition may occur within the dendrimer interior or at its surface [13,18,39,40,68], for therapy and prophylaxis of inhaled biological toxins [69], for delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides or drugs to tumors [70][71][72], for delivery of antisense oligonucleotides [73], as model compounds for DNA complexation [51], as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents [4,74], for neutron capture therapy [2,18,75,76], in immunodiagnostics, synthetic vaccines [2,4,11,15,16,77], drug and gene delivery vehicles [2,4,11,[13][14][15][16]77], etc.…”

Enhancement of composite‐metal interfacial adhesion strength by dendrimer

“…Adsorption mechanism is based on chemical reaction at the interface where an organic adhesion promoter layer is normally introduced. Self‐assembly molecules with two reactive groups can act as adhesion promoter to improve bonding durability 16–18. It was reported that the silane coupling agent could improve the durability of aluminum bonded to the epoxy resin 19–22.…”

“…There are some reasons for dendrimer to be the primary candidate as adhesion promoter. First of all, the dendrimer possesses tens to hundreds of functional groups at the periphery,16–18, 24–27 As a result, more chemical bonds would be formed, thus, stronger adhesion is provided. Secondly, dendrimer can be manipulated on a molecular level for in situ functionalization to anchor different terminal groups 28.…”