Carcinogenic Activity and Risk Assessment of PAHs in Ambient Air: PM10 Particle Fraction and Bulk Deposition

Abstract

This paper present seasonal variation in the equivalent concentration (BaPeq) of PAHs in order to assess the potential cancer risk for two different groups of residents via ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation pathways. The possible ecological risk caused by PAH atmospheric deposition based on risk quotient was also estimated. A bulk (total, wet and dry) deposition and PM10 particle fraction (particles with an equivalent aerodynamic diameter < 10 µm) were collected from June 2020 to May 2021 at an urban residential location in the northern part of Zagreb, Croatia. The monthly average of total equivalent BaPeq mass concentrations of PM10 varied from 0.057 ng m−3 in July to 3.656 ng m−3 in December; the annul ∑BaPeq average was 1.348 ng m−3. In bulk deposition, ∑BaPeq mass concentrations varied from 1.94 to 57.60 ng L−1. In both investigated media, BaP had the highest contribution in carcinogenic activity. For PM10 media, dermal absorption implied the greatest potential cancer risk, followed by ingestion and inhalation. For bulk media, a moderate ecological risk for BaA, BbF and BaP was observed according to the risk quotient approach.

The Assessment of PM2.5 and PM10 Immission in Atmospheric Air in a Climate Chamber during Tests of an Electric Car on a Chassis Dynamometer

“…Particulate matter is a pollutant that is dangerous to human health and other living organisms. The harmfulness of the particles is determined in particular by their size and chemical composition [1,2]. Due to the possibility of greater penetration into the human organism, particles of a smaller size, i.e., PM2.5, whose diameters are smaller than 2.5 µm, are more dangerous [1,3,4].…”

Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure and Telomere Length and their Interaction on Blood Lipids in Coal Miners

“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be adsorbed on mining dust and airborne particles and enter the body through breathing, diet, and skin contact. 6 Previous studies found that PAH exposure may have a positive correlation with the risk of cardiovascular disease, 7 and PAH exposure is related to hypertension in American adults. 8 General population studies found that PAH exposure is related to an increased risk of dyslipidemia.…”

“…Because coal production generates polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), coal miners are more likely to be exposed to PAHs than the general population. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be adsorbed on mining dust and airborne particles and enter the body through breathing, diet, and skin contact 6 . Previous studies found that PAH exposure may have a positive correlation with the risk of cardiovascular disease, 7 and PAH exposure is related to hypertension in American adults 8 .…”

Environmental Monitoring and Analysis of Persistent Organic Pollutants

“…A team of Croatian researchers address PAH-related human health and ecological risks in the paper “Carcinogenic Activity and Risk Assessment of PAHs in Ambient Air: PM 10 Particle Fraction and Bulk Deposition” based on toxic equivalence factors and equivalent benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) concentrations for PM 10 particle and bulk deposition samples collected in a residential part of the Croatia’s capital Zagreb [ 2 ]. The authors assess potential cancer risk via ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation for two different groups of Zagreb residents and rely on the risk quotient approach to assess possible ecological risk from PAHs in bulk deposition.…”