Cardiac Alternans Suppression Under T ± 𝜖 Feedback Control: Nonlinear Dynamics Analysis

Abstract

The nonlinear dynamical properties of the recently proposed [Formula: see text] feedback control for suppressing cardiac alternans is investigated in detail for the discrete cardiac restitution map model and the continuous Luo–Rudy I ionic model. It is shown that cardiac alternans, induced by fast pacing, can be dramatically reduced by small changes of fixed magnitude ([Formula: see text]) under feedback control when [Formula: see text] exceeds a critical threshold. Remarkably, the suppression is achieved by utilizing the induced chaotic dynamics. Detailed information on the nature and mechanism of the control, and properties of the attractors are analyzed and discussed in the light of nonlinear dynamics.