Cardiac arrest in private locations: different strategies are needed to improve outcome

Swor, Robert A.; Jackson, Raymond; Compton, Scott; Domeier, Robert M.; Zalenski, Robert J.; Honeycutt, Linda Jinks; Kuhn, Gloria J.; Frederiksen, Shirley M.; Pascual, Rebecca G.

doi:10.1016/s0300-9572(03)00118-7

Cited by 99 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[54][55][56] Many authors suggest we should target family members of those individuals. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] The estimated rate of CPR training in this target group ranges between 9% and 47%.…”

Section: Ii-3 Inform Trainees About What To Expect During Resuscitatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] The estimated rate of CPR training in this target group ranges between 9% and 47%. [56][57][58][59][60][61] Although the addition of counselling to deal with the stress associated with being a potential CPR provider may be required, 62,63 CPR training has been shown to reduce anxiety and increase emotional adjustment and the sense of empowerment in family members of cardiac arrest survivors. [64][65][66] Family members of individuals with cardiac disease should be trained in CPR.…”

Section: Ii-3 Inform Trainees About What To Expect During Resuscitatimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Vaillancourt

Stiell

Wells

2008

CJEM

144

110

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Objectives: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a crucial yet weak link in the chain of survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We sought to understand the determinants of bystander CPR and the factors associated with successful training. Methods: For this systematic review, we searched 11 electronic databases, 1 trial registry and 9 scientific websites. We performed hand searches and contacted 6 content experts. We reviewed without restriction all communications pertaining to who should learn CPR, what should be taught, when to repeat training, where to give CPR instructions and why people lack the motivation to learn and perform CPR. We used standardized forms to review papers for inclusion, quality and data extraction. We grouped publications by category and classified recommendations using a standardized classification system that was based on level of evidence. Results: We reviewed 2409 articles and selected 411 for complete evaluation. We included 252 of the 411 papers in this systematic review. Differences in their study design precluded a meta-analysis. We classified 22 recommendations; those with the highest scores were 1) 9-1-1 dispatchassisted CPR instructions, 2) teaching CPR to family members of cardiac patients, 3) Braslow's selftraining video, 4) maximizing time spent using manikins and 5) teaching the concepts of ambiguity and diffusion of responsibility. Recommendations not supported by evidence include mass training events, pulse taking prior to CPR by laymen and CPR using chest compressions alone. Conclusion:We evaluated and classified the potential impact of interventions that have been proposed to improve bystander CPR rates. Our results may help communities design interventions to improve their bystander CPR rates. RÉSUMÉ Objectifs : La réanimation cardio-respiratoire (RCR) est un maillon essentiel, quoique faible, de la chaîne de survie lors de la survenue d'un arrêt cardiaque hors de l'hôpital. Nous avons cherché à comprendre les déterminants du taux de passants pouvant administrer la RCR et les facteurs liés à une formation efficace. Méthodes : Dans le cadre de cette revue systématique, nous avons analysé 11 bases de données électroniques, un registre d'essais cliniques et neuf sites Web scientifiques. Nous avons réalisé des recherches manuelles et communiqué avec six experts du contenu. Nous avons examiné sans restriction toutes les communications portant sur les questions suivantes : qui devrait apprendre la RCR, ce qu'on devrait enseigner, QUAND la formation devrait être renouvelée, où les cours de

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Section: Ii-3 Inform Trainees About What To Expect During Resuscitatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ii-3 Inform Trainees About What To Expect During Resuscitatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Vaillancourt

Stiell

Wells

2008

CJEM

144

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This recommendation may be based on the assumption that an increased number of rescuers may facilitate the BLS actions. The majority of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) occur at home, where the response to OHCAs and the characteristics of OHCA patients and their rescuers may differ from those in other locations [3,4,5,6]. The aging population accompanied with an increase in number of households with elderly residents [7][8][9] may influence not only the number of rescuers but also the performance of BLS [10,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the number of rescuers affect the survival rate from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests? Two or more rescuers are not always better than one

et al. 2013

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Review: An increased number of rescuers may improve the survival rate from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs). The majority of OHCAs occur at home and are handled by family members.Materials and Methods: Data from 5,078 OHCAs that were witnessed by citizens and unwitnessed by citizens or emergency medical technicians from January 2004 to March 2010 were prospectively collected. The number of rescuers was identified in 4,338OHCAs and was classified into two (single rescuer (N=2,468) and multiple rescuers (N=1870)) or three (single rescuer, two rescuers (N=887) and three or more rescuers (N=983)) groups. The backgrounds, characteristics and outcomes of OHCAs were compared between the two groups and among the three groups.Results: When all OHCAs were collectively analysed, an increased number of rescuers was associated with better outcomes (one-year survival and one-year survival with favourable neurological outcomes were 3.1% and 1.9% for single rescuers, 4.1% and 2.0% for two rescuers, and 6.0% and 4.6% for three or more rescuers, respectively, (p=0.0006 and p<0.0001)). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of multiple rescuers is an independent factor that is associated with one-year survival (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.539 (1.088-2.183)). When only OHCAs that occurred at home were analysed (N=2902), the OHCAs that were handled by multiple rescuers were associated with higher incidences of bystander CPR but were not associated with better outcomes.Conclusions: In summary, an increased number of rescuers improves the outcomes of OHCAs. However, this beneficial effect is absent in OHCAs that occur at home. Word count 250

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confidence: 99%

“…There are an estimated 16,000 episodes of pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest annually in the United States alone, and many of these events occur at home (Swor et al, 2003). Most occur without warning and are discovered or witnessed by parents or family members (Holmberg, Homberg, & Herlitz, 2000;Swor et al, 2003). However, only about 30-50% of infants and children in cardiac arrest receive CPR prior to Emergency Medical Services arrival, and only 5-10% of patients survive (Waalewijn, Tijssen, & Koster, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

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2013

Journal for Healthcare Quality

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Cardiac arrest in private locations: different strategies are needed to improve outcome

Cited by 99 publications

References 23 publications

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Understanding and improving low bystander CPR rates: a systematic review of the literature

Does the number of rescuers affect the survival rate from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests? Two or more rescuers are not always better than one

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