Cardiobacterium hominis Causing Late Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

Jolie, A; Jw, Gnann

doi:10.1097/00007611-198611000-00039

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…C. hominis is oxidase positive, catalase negative, and produces indole. It typically ferments glucose, sucrose, mannose, sorbitol, mannitol, and maltose [19]. Table 8 displays biochemical properties that help differentiate C. hominis from others in the HACEK group [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[47] AV Yes PEN + GEN 10 days, then AMP + TOB 41 days Yes [16] AV Yes AMP 4 weeks Yes [41] MV No AMP, then PEN 6 weeks Yes [36] MV No PEN 6 weeks Yes [8] NR NR NR No [19] MV No AMP + GEN 3 weeks, then AMP 3 weeks Yes [30] MV Yes VAN/GEN, then AMP 6 weeks Yes [3] AV Yes PEN/GEN, then CEF 6 weeks Yes [42] MV/AV Yes AMP + GEN, then AMP 9 weeks Yes [29] MV/AV No AMP + GEN 6 weeks Yes [25] AV No CEF 3 weeks Yes [48] AV No CEF + GEN, then CEF 6 weeks Yes [11] AV Yes CEF + GEM 18 days, then AMX 10 weeks Yes [4] MV No CEF 6 weeks Yes [5] AV Comparison of biochemical characteristics of C. hominis and other HACEK organisms…”

Section: Ref Valve Surgery Treatment Curementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: two cases and a review of the literature

Malani

Aronoff

Bradley

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Cardiobacterium hominis, a member of the HACEK group (Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Haemophilus aphrophilus, and Haemophilus paraphrophilus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, C. hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella species), is a rare cause of endocarditis. There are 61 reported cases of C. hominis infective endocarditis in the English-language literature, 15 of which involved prosthetic valve endocarditis. There is one reported case of C. hominis after upper endoscopy and none reported after colonoscopy. Presented here are two cases of C. hominis prosthetic valve endocarditis following colonoscopy and a review of the microbiological and clinical features of C. hominis endocarditis. Patients with C. hominis infection have a long duration of symptoms preceding diagnosis (138+/-128 days). The most common symptoms were fever (74%), fatigue/malaise (53%), weight loss/anorexia (40%), night sweats (24%), and arthralgia/myalgia (21%). The most common risk factors were pre-existing cardiac disease (61%), the presence of a prosthetic valve (28%), and history of rheumatic fever (20%). Of the 61 cases reviewed here, the aortic valve was infected in 24 (39%) and the mitral valve in 19 (31%) patients. The average duration of blood culture incubation before growth was detected was 6.3 days (range, 2-21 days). Complications were congestive heart failure (40%), central nervous system (CNS) emboli (21%), arrhythmia (16%), and mycotic aneurysm (9%). C. hominis is almost always susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics. Ceftriaxone is recommended by the recently published American Heart Association guidelines. The prognosis of C. hominis native valve and prosthetic valve endocarditis is favorable. The cure rate among 60 patients reviewed was 93% (56/60). For prosthetic valve endocarditis, the cure rate was 16/17 (94%). Valve replacement was required in 27 (45%) cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ref Valve Surgery Treatment Curementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: two cases and a review of the literature

Malani

Aronoff

Bradley

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…A history of dental manipulation may be elicited, although for most cases no portal for entry can be identified 5. Patients are often middle aged and may be feverish, but the fever is often low grade 9. Stigmata of endocarditis such as splenomegaly, anaemia, and haematuria are usually present particularly in those with prolonged illnesses, and the ESR is, typically, moderately raised 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late aortic homograft valve endocarditis caused by Cardiobacterium hominis: a case report and review of the literature

Currie

Codispoti

Mankad

et al. 2000

Heart

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An unusual case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis involving an aortic homograft valve is presented. Although the patient was young (a 17 year old man) and showed few of the characteristic features of the disease, the report does illustrate a number of the problems associated with this illness and highlights the need for the careful assessment of apparent culture negative endocarditis. The organism itself is susceptible to most antibiotics but further treatment, including surgery, may be necessary. Patients must therefore be examined repeatedly and assessed for haemodynamic deterioration, valve destruction or embolic phenomena. Homograft valve replacement may oVer some benefits in the setting of aortic valve endocarditis and is therefore an attractive option in this situation. (Heart 2000;83:579-581)

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“…At present, such guidelines do not exist (47). Valve replacement and/or repair may be necessary in the treatment of C hominis endocarditis depending on the extent of valvular destruction and the patient's symptoms (28)(29)(30)(31). Surgery has been required in 40% of cases (23 of 57) reported in the literature .…”

Section: Andrew Walkty MDmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiobacterium hominis Endocarditis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Walkty

2005

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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The present case report describes the clinical course of a patient who presented with Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis. A review of the literature follows the case presentation. C hominis, a fastidious Gram-negative bacillus, is a member of the HACEK group of microorganisms (Haemophilus species, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, C hominis, Eikenella corrodens and Kingella kingae). Endocarditis caused by C hominis is uncommon and generally follows a subacute course. Patients may present with constitutional symptoms, symptoms related to valvular destruction or symptoms secondary to embolic events. Diagnosis requires identification of the pathogen from blood or vegetation by either culture or molecular techniques. Blood cultures may require prolonged incubation, highlighting the importance of incubating blood cultures for at least two to three weeks in patients with suspected endocarditis. In the past, C hominis was generally sensitive to penicillin. However, reports of beta-lactamase-producing C hominis have appeared in the literature over the past decade. The current recommendation for first-line treatment is a third-generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone) for four weeks (six weeks if a prosthetic valve is in place).

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Cardiobacterium hominis Causing Late Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: two cases and a review of the literature

Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: two cases and a review of the literature

Late aortic homograft valve endocarditis caused by Cardiobacterium hominis: a case report and review of the literature

Cardiobacterium hominis Endocarditis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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