Cardiovascular Drugs

Kleemann, Axel

doi:10.1002/14356007.a05_289.pub2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 268 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…A kutatási munka részeként a cilostazol hatóanyag azidszennyezés tartalmának meghatározása volt az egyik feladat, ugyanis a hatóanyag szintézise során felhasználják a tetrazolgyűrű kialakításához (Páll et al 2021). A cilostazol egy lehetséges szintézisútja a 4. ábrán látható (Kleemann 2008).…”

Section: Azid Meghatározása Cilostazolbanunclassified

Az ionkromatográfia alkalmazhatóságának lehetőségei a gyógyszeranalitikában

2023

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Összefoglalás. Gyógyszermolekulák kémiai szintézissel történő előállítása során előfordulhat, hogy a szintézisút toxikus vegyületeket tartalmaz, vagy szintézis során képződik toxikus melléktermék. Ezeket az anyagokat alacsony koncentrációszinten kell kizárni a gyártott végtermékben, hogy az adott hatóanyag törzskönyvezése sikeres legyen. Így a genotoxikus (megváltoztatja a DNS által tárolt genetikai információt), rákkeltő szennyezők analitikai kontrollja folyamatos kihívás elé állítja az analitikusokat. Erre a vizsgálatra a legelterjedtebb módszer a nagyhatékonyságú folyadékkromatográfia. Ennek egyik speciális változata, a nagyhatékonyságú ionkromatográfia alkalmas a kis méretű ionos vagy ionizálható molekulák, pl. szervetlen anionok és kationok, szerves savak, aminok, valamint hidrolizálható vegyületek vizsgálatára. A kéziratban bemutatásra kerül a nagyhatékonyságú ionkromatográfiás technika, valamint annak gyógyszeranalitikai alkalmazása. Summary. In the production of drug molecules, the synthesis pathway may contain toxic compounds, or a toxic by-product may be formed during synthesis. These substances must be excluded at low concentration levels in the final manufactured product in order for the registration of the active substance to be successful. The drug analytics task to quantify these contaminations. This part of the pharmaceutical industry involves a wide spectrum of analytical techniques, which together complement each other to give a complete picture of the product being manufactured. Measurement techniques range from titration to large instrumentation (mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry). Chromatography is one of the most widely used techniques. Lots of pollutant which must have quantified, have polar properties and its may present a risk for patients. The analytical control of genotoxic (altering the genetic information stored in DNA), carcinogenic contaminants is a constant challenge for analysts. Organic acids, amines, acid chlorides which are easily ionizable, hydrolysable are difficult to analyze at low concentration limits by the means of gas chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography. For the analysis of such contaminants, the high performance ion exchange chromatography method is a possible solution. In drug analytics, the ion chromatography techniques (ion exchange, ion exclusion, ion pair, ligand exchange) are not as widely used as the other liquid chromatography methods. In addition to inorganic anions and cations, ion chromatography is a suitable chromatographic method for the analysis of organic acids, amines, and hydrolysable compounds. In case of amines, this technique has better peak symmetry and theoretical plate height than gas chromatography. However, additional acidic API may cause the disappearance of these peaks. With this instrument, not only impurities can be tested, but also the counter ions of basic drug substances can be easily measured to verify the molecular composition of the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The manuscript describes the applications of ion exchange chromatography through some examples from pharmaceutical industry. In some cases, the methods have been validated according to international guidelines to demonstrate the applicability of high-performance ion exchange chromatography for the analysis of ionizable organic/inorganic compounds in pharmaceutical production.

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Section: Azid Meghatározása Cilostazolbanunclassified

Az ionkromatográfia alkalmazhatóságának lehetőségei a gyógyszeranalitikában

2023

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“…Only those statins containing a nitrogen heterocycle are obtained by total syntheses. [391] Hereafter, selected representative examples are presented.…”

Section: Total Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceuticals

Schaefer

2014

Natural Products in the Chemical Industry

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A boy who is born in Germany today has a probable life expectancy of around 77 years, and a girl one of 82 years -twice as long as in the year 1880. This increase is a consequence of both, better living circumstances -working conditions, food, clothing, housing -, and also a result of more comprehensive medical care. Thus, a whole range of infectious diseases has been wiped out, or brought at least under control, and the mortality rate for civilisation-and age-related diseases has dropped. Vaccinations and drugs play a key role in this outcome. The 20th century is characterised especially by the worldwide blossoming of the pharmaceutical industry. More and more, the targeted search for and development of new drugs have replaced serendipitous discoveries (Fig. 5.1). Pharmaceuticals of the last century.

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Statine. Cholesterolsenker

Schäfer

2010

Chemie in nserer Zeit

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Cardiovascular Drugs

Abstract: The article contains sections titled: 1. General Survey 2. Adrenergic blockers, peripheral … Show more

Cited by 4 publications

References 268 publications

Az ionkromatográfia alkalmazhatóságának lehetőségei a gyógyszeranalitikában

Az ionkromatográfia alkalmazhatóságának lehetőségei a gyógyszeranalitikában

Pharmaceuticals

Statine. Cholesterolsenker

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