Carotid Plaque Characterization, Stenosis, and Intima-Media Thickness According to Age and Gender in a Large Registry Cohort

Boulos, Nancy M.; Gardin, Julius M.; Malik, Shaista; Postley, John; Wong, Nathan D.

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.12.062

Cited by 49 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…23, 24 Consistent with previous studies, this study found that older age and cigarette smoking were associated with the presence of carotid plaque, with age being the most robust predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis. 25, 26 In stratified comparisons, however, age was associated with carotid plaque only in overweight and obese participants, but not among participants of normal weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Subclinical Atherosclerosis Among Young and Middle-Aged Adults Using Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Measurements

Jones

Rodriguez

Alcaide

et al. 2017

Southern Medical Journal

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Objectives The presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Research and data on CVD risk have been derived primarily from individuals aged 55 years or older, and assessment of CVD risk among young and middle-aged adults seldom has been studied. The use of ultrasonography to measure carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid plaque appears to have utility to detect subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic adults. This study evaluated the presence of carotid plaque using ultrasonography among healthy young and middle-aged adults. Methods Participants were men and women recruited in Miami, Florida, and were 18 to 50 years old with no history of CVD. Participants underwent a general physical examination and a carotid artery ultrasonography to evaluate carotid IMT and carotid plaque. Results From a total of 173 participants with a mean age of 34 years (standard deviation 8.9), 21.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.0–27.2) were identified as having carotid plaque. IMT values ranged from 0.49 to 1.03 mm, with a mean value of 0.70 mm (standard deviation 0.09). In multivariable logistic regression older age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.16, P = 0.024) and cigarette smoking (AOR 2.67, 95% CI 1.02–7.00, P = 0.045) were associated with plaque, after controlling for IMT (AOR 2.55, 95% CI 1.40–4.65, P = 0.002). Conclusions Traditional CVD risk factors such as those evaluated in this study may fail to provide adequate predictive value of carotid atherosclerosis in younger populations with no history of CVD, because the majority of traditional risk factors identified in previous research were not associated with carotid plaque in this young sample. Further research assessing nontraditional risk factors among asymptomatic individuals is required, and the evaluation of IMT as an intervention tool to detect CVD risk in these asymptomatic populations is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Subclinical Atherosclerosis Among Young and Middle-Aged Adults Using Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Measurements

Jones

Rodriguez

Alcaide

et al. 2017

Southern Medical Journal

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“…For instance, at least some buildup of CAPs is found in: a) 48% of men and 36% of women younger 45 years; b) 71% of men and 54% of women between the ages of 50–54 years; and c) 94% of men and 93% of women 80 years or older 30 . Thus, having shorter LTL might not apply to all individuals with carotid artery atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Telomeres, but Not Telomere Attrition Rates, Are Associated With Carotid Atherosclerosis

et al. 2017

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Short telomeres are associated with atherosclerosis. However, the temporal relation between atherosclerosis and telomere length is unclear. The objective of this work was to examine the temporal formation and progression of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in relation to telomere dynamics. In a longitudinal study, comprising 154 French men and women (aged 31–76 years at baseline), carotid plaques were quantified by echography and telomere length on leucocytes was measured by Southern blots at baseline and follow-up examinations. Telomere attrition rates during the 9.5-year follow-up period were not different in individuals with plaques at both baseline and follow-up examinations (23.3 ± 2.0 bp/year) than in individuals who developed plaques during the follow-up period (26.5 ± 2.0 bp/year) and those without plaques at either baseline or follow-up examinations (22.5 ± 2.3 bp/year, p = 0.79). At baseline, telomere length was associated with presence of carotid plaques (p = 0.02) and with the number of regions with plaques (p = 0.005). An interaction (p = 0.03) between age and the presence of plaques was observed, such that the association between plaques and telomere length was more pronounced at a younger age. In conclusion, carotid atherosclerosis is not associated with increased telomere attrition over a 9.5 years follow-up period. Short telomere length is more strongly associated with early-onset than late-onset carotid atherosclerosis. Our results support the thesis that heightened telomere attrition during adult life might not explain the short telomeres observed in subjects with atherosclerotic disease. Rather, short telomeres antecedes the clinical manifestation of the disease.

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“…Carotid artery stenosis is a serious condition that is usually caused by atherosclerosis [25]. As with coronary atherosclerosis, inflammation plays a pivotal role in carotid atherosclerosis from initiation through progression [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet to lymphocyte ratio predicts all-cause mortality in patients with carotid arterial disease

Tek

Çetin

Diker

et al. 2019

Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine

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Background. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been demonstrated as a risk and prognostic marker in many of cardiovascular diseases. A relationship between PLR and severity of carotid stenosis has been shown. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between PLR and all cause mortality in patients with carotid arterial disease.Methods. This retrospective study included 146 patients who had been performed selective carotid angiography. Carotid stenosis were graded by the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) criteria. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio was calculated as the ratio of platelets to lymphocytes. The end point of the study was all-cause mortality.Results. During median follow-up of 16 months (0-65 months) 15 (10.3%) patients suffered all-cause mortality. 50 patients (34.2%) underwent carotid endarterectomy and 69 patients (47.3%) had non-carotid cardiac surgery. 38 patients (26.02%) had cerebrovascular events (stroke/transient ischemic attack) at admission. NASCET grades were not different between survivors and nonsurvivors. Non-survivors had significantly lower hemoglobin (Hb) levels (12.7 ± 1.6 g/dL vs. 13.7 ± 1.7 g/dL, p = 0.031) and they were older than survivors (74.2 ± 8.4 years vs. 68.6 ± 8.5 years, p = 0.029). Non-survivors had significantly higher PLR values compared with survivors (190.3 ± 85.6 and 126.8 ± 53.8, p = 0.017). In multivariate analysis, only PLR predicted all-cause mortality in patients with carotid artery stenosis.Conclusion. In our study, higher PLR was associated with increased all-cause mortality.

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Carotid Plaque Characterization, Stenosis, and Intima-Media Thickness According to Age and Gender in a Large Registry Cohort

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Subclinical Atherosclerosis Among Young and Middle-Aged Adults Using Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Measurements

Subclinical Atherosclerosis Among Young and Middle-Aged Adults Using Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Measurements

Short Telomeres, but Not Telomere Attrition Rates, Are Associated With Carotid Atherosclerosis

Platelet to lymphocyte ratio predicts all-cause mortality in patients with carotid arterial disease

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