Case control study of dry eye and related ocular surface abnormalities in Ibadan, Nigeria

Bekibele, CO; Baiyeroju, Aderonke Mojisola; Ajaiyeoba, Æ A.; Akang, E. E. U.; Ajayi, Bgk

doi:10.1007/s10792-008-9281-8

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Reduced corneal sensation could provide inadequate feedback through ophthalmic nerve to the central nervous system, resulting in less efferent stimulation to lacrimal gland, with reduced tear production and promotion of a vicious cycle [11]. In addition, blepharitis and other ocular surfaces disorders commonly associated with DED may also influence patient's perception of symptoms [33][34][35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of dry eye signs and symptoms in patients with systemic sclerosis

Gomes

Santhiago

Azevedo

et al. 2012

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Background One of the most frequent ocular features of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is dry eye disease (DED), which has been identified to occur in 37-79% of patients.Although several studies have found weak or no correlations between symptoms and signs of dry eye, symptoms are often the motivation for seeking eye care, and are therefore a critical outcome measure when assessing treatment effect. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of symptoms of dry eye on vision-related quality of life in patients with systemic sclerosis, and to investigate the relation between clinical tests and symptoms of dry eye in these patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 45 consecutive patients with SSc were enrolled. For evaluation of the symptoms the "Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)" questionnaire was applied to all patients. After that, all individuals were submitted to a full ophthalmic examination, including the following tests: tear break-up time, Schirmer I, rose bengal staining. Patients were then grouped into dry eye and non-dry eye groups with regard to the diagnosis of dry eye. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare continuous variables, whereas the Fisher exact test was used to compare categorical data between groups. Spearman's correlation test was used to analyze the correlations between clinical tests and OSDI scores. P values <0.05 were considered significant. Results Dry eye disease was diagnosed in 22 patients (48.9%). Other ocular surface abnormalities found were: blepharitis (40% of the patients), pterygium (15.6%), pinguecula (82.2%), and superficial punctate keratitis (26.7%). Among the 45 patients, 29 patients (64.4%) had symptoms of ocular surface disease. The mean OSDI score was 26.8±25.8 (SD). There were no statistically significant differences in OSDI scores between DED and non-DED patients. No substantive correlations were found between OSDI scores and TBUT, Schirmer I, or rose bengal staining score, and none of the observed correlations reached statistical significance. Conclusion Symptoms of dry eye have a moderate impact on vision-related quality of life in patients with systemic sclerosis and do not correlate well with clinical findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of dry eye signs and symptoms in patients with systemic sclerosis

Gomes

Santhiago

Azevedo

et al. 2012

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…The examiner must visually evaluate the eyelid margin for each patient on both upper and lower eyelids with a slit lamp. Digital pressure is constantly applied to the upper and lower tarsus and, after that, the Meibomian gland and the degree of obstruction should be evaluated [26,29,31,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on OSDI score, the ocular surface is defined as normal (0-12), mild (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), moderate (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32), or severe (33-100) [44]. It is noteworthy that although the OSDI is not routinely used in clinical practice, it has been shown to be valid and reliable to quantify the impact of dry eye on the quality of life [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for detection of dry eye in critically ill patients: An Integrative Review

Câmara¹,

Araújo²,

Fernandes³

et al. 2016

Int Arch Med

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“…10 Many investigators have reported variable agreement/concordance between the diagnostic tests for DED. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Although some Nigerian studies 11,12 and other reports elsewhere [13][14][15] have reported strong agreement between Schirmer test and tear-film breakup time (TBUT), reports in Australia, 4 China, 6 and elsewhere 7,[16][17][18][19] observed poor agreement between the diagnostic tests for DED. The observed lack of concordance between the DED assessment for symptoms and clinical signs in most cases makes symptom an important component of DED diagnosis, because the clinician is compelled to treat the patient based on symptoms alone.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The few related African reports are prevalence study 25 or small sample case-control surveys. 11,12 Consequently, this study, conducted on a Nigerian tertiary adult ophthalmic outpatient…”

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confidence: 99%