Case report: A retrospective serological analysis indicating human exposure to tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes in Sonora, Mexico

Vázquez-Guerrero, Edwin; Adan-Bante, Norma Patricia; Mercado-Uribe, Mónica C.; Hernández, César Arranz; Villa‐Tanaca, Lourdes; López, Job E.; Ibarra, J. Antonio

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007215

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Concentrating collection efforts in parks and recreational areas will identify endemic foci where the disease may be misdiagnosed and overlooked. Furthermore, given the widespread distribution of O. turicata into Latin America, our findings support further investigations on the circulation of TBRF spirochetes impacting the impoverished [8]. . NCBI accession numbers of the four genes sequenced from all B. turicatae isolates and sequences used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The range for B. turicatae and its vector, Ornithodoros turicata, is predominantly in the subtropics of the United States and into tropical areas of Latin America [5][6][7]. Additionally, B. turicatae presents with nonspecific clinical symptoms and is frequently misdiagnosed as Lyme disease [2,8,9], further complicating a clear understanding of its range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and distribution of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae

et al. 2021

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Borrelia turicatae is a causative agent of tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) in the subtropics and tropics of the United States and Latin America. Historically, B. turicatae was thought to be maintained in enzootic cycles in rural areas. However, there is growing evidence that suggests the pathogen has established endemic foci in densely populated regions of Texas. With the growth of homelessness in the state and human activity in city parks, it was important to implement field collection efforts to identify areas where B. turicatae and its vector circulate. Between 2017 and 2020 we collected Ornithodoros turicata ticks in suburban and urban areas including public and private parks and recreational spaces. Ticks were fed on naïve mice and spirochetes were isolated from the blood. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed on eight newly obtained isolates and included previously reported sequences. The four chromosomal loci targeted for MLST were 16S ribosomal RNA (rrs), flagellin B (flaB), DNA gyrase B (gyrB), and the intergenic spacer (IGS). Given the complexity of Borrelia genomes, plasmid diversity was also evaluated. These studies indicate that the IGS locus segregates B. turicatae into four genomic types and plasmid diversity is extensive between isolates. Furthermore, B. turicatae and its vector have established endemic foci in parks and recreational areas in densely populated settings of Texas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and distribution of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae

et al. 2021

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“…SicA-His6 was purified from cultures of E . coli BL21 pTOPO-SicA by affinity chromatography with Ni-NTA (Qiagen) as described previously [ 44 , 45 ]. Fractions of the purified protein were observed in a 12% SDS-PAGE and also analyzed by Western blot using an HRP-conjugated His-probe (Thermo Scientific).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fractions of the purified protein were observed in a 12% SDS-PAGE and also analyzed by Western blot using an HRP-conjugated His-probe (Thermo Scientific). As a control, the GlpQ-His10 fusion protein previously reported by our lab was also purified [ 45 ]. Protein concentration was determined by Bradford with the use of an albumin standard curve.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were resolved in an SDS-PAGE and stained with Coomassie blue. Western blot was performed by transferring the proteins from the SDS-PAGE to a PVDF membrane (Merck) and by following a previously described protocol [ 45 , 47 ]. Western blot was developed by using chemiluminescence kit (Invitrogen) and observed in a Chemidoc imaging system (Biorad).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Salmonella Typhimurium InvF-SicA complex is necessary for the transcription of sopB in the absence of the repressor H-NS

et al. 2020

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Expression of virulence factors in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica depends on a wide variety of general and specific transcriptional factors that act in response to multiple environmental signals. Expression of genes for cellular invasion located in the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) is tightly regulated by several transcriptional regulators arrayed in a cascade, while repression of this system is exerted mainly by H-NS. In SPI-1, H-NS represses the expression mainly by binding to the regulatory region of hilA and derepression is exercised mainly by HilD. However, the possible regulatory role of H-NS in genes downstream from HilD and HilA, such as those regulated by InvF, has not been fully explored. Here the role of H-NS on the expression of sopB , an InvF dependent gene encoded in SPI-5, was evaluated. Our data show that InvF is required for the expression of sopB even in the absence of H-NS. Furthermore, in agreement with previous results on other InvF-regulated genes, we found that the expression of sopB requires the InvF/SicA complex. Our results support that SicA is not required for DNA binding nor for increasing affinity of InvF to DNA in vitro . Moreover, by using a bacterial two-hybrid system we were able to identify interactions between SicA and InvF. Lastly, protein-protein interaction assays suggest that InvF functions as a monomer. Derived from these results we postulate that the InvF/SicA complex does not act on sopB as an anti-H-NS factor; instead, it seems to induce the expression of sopB by acting as a classical transcriptional regulator.

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New records of Ornithodoros turicata (Ixodida: Argasidae) in rural and urban sites in the Mexican states of Aguascalientes and Zacatecas indicate the potential for tick-borne relapsing fever

et al. 2023

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Case report: A retrospective serological analysis indicating human exposure to tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes in Sonora, Mexico

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Diversity and distribution of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae

Diversity and distribution of the tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae

The Salmonella Typhimurium InvF-SicA complex is necessary for the transcription of sopB in the absence of the repressor H-NS

New records of Ornithodoros turicata (Ixodida: Argasidae) in rural and urban sites in the Mexican states of Aguascalientes and Zacatecas indicate the potential for tick-borne relapsing fever

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