Case Report: Morphologic and Genetic Identification of Cerebral Sparganosis

Yang, Meng; Kuang, Ziwei; Liao, Lin; Ma, Ying; Wang, Xiang

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.19-0468

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reveal some characteristic radiographic features of brain lesions, including aggregated ring-like enhancement, tunnel signs, and migrating lesions (10)(11)(12). Collectively, the diagnosis of cerebral sparganosis is based on epidemiological history, characteristic MRI imaging, immunological examination, and pathological changes (13)(14)(15).…”

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confidence: 99%

The serum IgG antibody level as a biomarker for clinical outcome in patients with cerebral sparganosis after treatment

et al. 2023

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IntroductionCerebral sparganosis is a rare parasitic infection of the brain tissue. The remission of MRI change and clinical symptom has been used to evaluate the therapeutic effect. However, there is no study to correlate the serum IgG antibody level of sparganum to the prognosis of disease after treatment. Methods87 patients with cerebral sparganosis were collected from three medical centers. Clinical symptoms and MRI changes were evaluated at 12 months after initial treatment, and serum IgG antibody level of sparganum was evaluated at 2, 6, and 12 months after treatment. The positive cut-off value was based on 2.1 times the optical density (OD) of negative control. The index value was defined as the sample OD divided by the cut-off value.ResultsAmong the 87 patients after treatment, 71 patients had good clinical outcomes, and 16 had poor clinical outcomes. The area under the curve (AUC) showed that the index value measured at 12 months after treatment had the best prediction effect, with a value of 2.014. In the good-outcome group, the index values were less than 2.014 in all 71 patients, and only 8 patients had mildly enhanced residual lesions on MRI. In the poor-outcome group, the index values were more than 2.014 in all 16 patients, and all patients still showed significantly enhanced lesions on MRI. Compared with poor-outcome patients, only 2 patients with good outcomes had disease recurrence after treatment.DiscussionThis study provided evidence that the serum IgG antibody level of sparganum was a promising biomarker to evaluate the prognosis of patients with cerebral sparganosis after treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The serum IgG antibody level as a biomarker for clinical outcome in patients with cerebral sparganosis after treatment

et al. 2023

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“…This issue of the Journal includes two reports on cases of sparganosis, which is caused by infection with larvae of Spirometra canine or feline tapeworms. One case involved a Chinese woman who presented with a brain mass 1 ; another was a Thai resident of Switzerland who presented with a chronic history of subcutaneous nodules. 2 In both cases, surgical exploration led to the unexpected discovery of living (mobile) worms, and genetic and morphological analyzes identified these as Spirometra .…”

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Be Careful What You Eat!

Rosenthal

2019

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The readership of the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene is well acquainted with the risks of infectious diseases acquired from foods contaminated with pathogenic viruses, bacteria, protozoans, or helminths due to improper hygiene. Less familiar may be uncommon infections associated with ingestion of unusual uncooked foods, eaten either purposely or inadvertantly. A number of instructive examples have been published in the Journal within the last 2 years; these all involve helminths for which humans are generally not the definitive host, but can become ill when they unwittingly become accidental hosts after ingestion of undercooked animal products. This issue of the Journal includes two reports on cases of sparganosis, which is caused by infection with larvae of Spirometra canine or feline tapeworms. One case involved a Chinese woman who presented with a brain mass 1 ; another was a Thai resident of Switzerland who presented with a chronic history of subcutaneous nodules. 2 In both cases, surgical exploration led to the unexpected discovery of living (mobile) worms, and genetic and morphological analyzes identified these as Spirometra. Both patients appeared to respond to surgical resection without antihelminthic therapy. Risk factors for infection were frequent ingestion of potentially undercooked stir-fried frogs for the Chinese patient and untreated tap water for the Thai patient. Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the rat lungworm, is a roundworm of rodents that can be acquired after ingestion of larvae within slug, snail, or other invertebrate intermediate hosts. In humans, A. cantonensis can migrate to the brain, causing eosinophilic meningitis. Angiostrongylus cantonensis was originally described in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific, but it is now appreciated to cause disease in much of the tropics, including tropical areas of the Americas and Australia. Of relevance to American clinicians, the worm is endemic in Hawaii. A new report in the Journal describes 82 cases of A. cantonensis infection reported in Hawaii from 2007 to 2017; 51 of these cases were confirmed, the others probable. 3 The most common presentations included headache, arthralgia, myalgia, and stiff neck in those older than 10 years, and fever and vomiting in children. Cerebrospinal fluid commonly demonstrated eosinophils. Of the 82 cases, 65 were hospitalized and two died. One case occurred after ingesting a slug on a dare, but most were probably due to ingestion of larvae associated with slugs or snails in unwashed produce. Travelers to Hawaii and other tropical areas, even in developed countries, should take care to wash produce before ingestion. And they should avoid ingesting uncooked slugs or snails. Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection was also reported in the Journal recently in a Korean woman and her adult son, both of whom presented with eosinophilic meningitis after

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A Case of Hookworm Disease Caused by Swallowing Live Frogs

Guan,

Zhuo

2024

Dig Dis Sci

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Case Report: Morphologic and Genetic Identification of Cerebral Sparganosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

The serum IgG antibody level as a biomarker for clinical outcome in patients with cerebral sparganosis after treatment

The serum IgG antibody level as a biomarker for clinical outcome in patients with cerebral sparganosis after treatment

Be Careful What You Eat!

A Case of Hookworm Disease Caused by Swallowing Live Frogs

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