Case Report: Streptococcus alactolyticus as a Rare Pathogen of Mitral Endocarditis

Vinciguerra, Mattia; Santamaria, Valeria; Romiti, Silvia; D'Abramo, Mizar; Toto, Gianmarco; Bellis, Antonio De; Taliani, Gloria; Sangiorgi, Giuseppe; Greco, Ernesto

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.648213

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…S. anginosus / alactolyticus has previously been shown to colonize the upper respiratory, digestive, and reproductive tracts. However, under certain stimuli, such as SARS-CoV-2, disordered S. anginosus directly induces non-invasive infections and causes invasive infections after entering normal sterile sites in the body, including the blood and serosal cavity, which eventually affect the tissues and organs of various systems of the body ( Jiang et al., 2020 ; Vinciguerra et al., 2021 ). In addition, the results of the classification model identified three species as the most important signatures for representing SARS-CoV-2 infection from healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Altered Oropharyngeal Microbiota in Hospitalized Patients With Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Shi

Han

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a serious emerging global health problem, and little is known about the role of oropharynx commensal microbes in infection susceptibility and severity. Here, we present the oropharyngeal microbiota characteristics identified by full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing through the NANOPORE platform of oropharynx swab specimens from 10 mild COVID-19 patients and 10 healthy controls. Our results revealed a distinct oropharyngeal microbiota composition in mild COVID-19 patients, characterized by enrichment of opportunistic pathogens such as Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Pseudomonas stutzeri and depletion of Sphingomonas yabuuchiae, Agrobacterium sullae, and Pseudomonas veronii. Based on the relative abundance of the oropharyngeal microbiota at the species level, we built a microbial classifier to distinguish COVID-19 patients from healthy controls, in which P. veronii, Pseudomonas fragi, and S. yabuuchiae were identified as the most prominent signatures for their depletion in the COVID-19 group. Several members of the genus Campylobacter, especially Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter rectus, which were highly enriched in COVID-19 patients with higher severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load and showed a significant correlation with disease status and several routine clinical blood indicators, indicate that several bacteria may transform into opportunistic pathogen in COVID-19 patients when facing the challenges of viral infection. We also found the diver taxa Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus alactolyticus in the network of disease patients, suggesting that these oropharynx microbiota alterations may impact COVID-19 severity by influencing the microbial association patterns. In conclusion, the low sample size of SARS-CoV-2 infection patients (n = 10) here makes these results tentative; however, we have provided the overall characterization that oropharyngeal microbiota alterations and microbial correlation patterns were associated with COVID-19 severity in Anhui Province.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Altered Oropharyngeal Microbiota in Hospitalized Patients With Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Shi

Han

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…S. alactolyticus is rarely involved in the etiology of infective endocarditis in humans. Other infections with these bacteria in humans are also rare [ 5 ]. Identifying the causative agent in infective endocarditis is crucial to manage each case correctly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infective Endocarditis of a Rare Etiology of Streptococcus Alactolyticus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Gherlan,

Chicos,

Veja

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Streptococcus alactolyticus is a non-motile Gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci, a part of group D Streptococci . In the literature, S. alactolyticus is documented as a causative agent of infective endocarditis, demonstrated by blood cultures in only four other cases, representing an extremely rare circumstance. Here, we describe a case of infective endocarditis due to S. alactolyticus in a young patient known with a bicuspid aortic valve and associated with a sigmoid precancerous polyp. The patient was also known to have blood hypertension and type II diabetes. Symptoms at the debut appeared insidiously and were non-specific: fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, night sweats, and fever. They lasted for the entire period of the illness with transient improvement during the courses of antibiotics. He followed more antibiotic courses prescribed for various clinical diagnoses. Each round of antibiotic treatment transitorily alleviated the symptoms, which reappeared each time after the cessation. The correct diagnosis was made only about three months after the appearance of the first clinical manifestations. This was based on ultrasound criteria (presence of vegetation and lesions of aortic cusps) and microbiological criteria (isolation of S. alactolyticus in blood cultures). A course of six weeks of ceftriaxone was considered the opportune antibiotic therapy. Similar to all other cases described in the literature, our patient presented important damage to the valvular tissue and required cardiac surgery to re-establish the normal function of the valve. The surgery consisted of the excision of the severely affected natural aortic valve and her replacement with a mechanical prosthetic valve. Following medical and surgical treatment, the patient is completely healed and has a normal life. Our case is noteworthy because of the scarcity of the involvement of S. alactolyticus in the pathogeny of infective endocarditis. This is the fifth published case with this etiology, and an overview of all five cases is provided in the article.

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Streptococcus alactolyticus Infective Endocarditis and Stroke in a Healthy Young Female

Chakrabarty,

Hiran,

Sharma

et al. 2024

JACC: Case Reports

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Case Report: Streptococcus alactolyticus as a Rare Pathogen of Mitral Endocarditis

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Characterization of Altered Oropharyngeal Microbiota in Hospitalized Patients With Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Characterization of Altered Oropharyngeal Microbiota in Hospitalized Patients With Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Infective Endocarditis of a Rare Etiology of Streptococcus Alactolyticus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Streptococcus alactolyticus Infective Endocarditis and Stroke in a Healthy Young Female

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