Case Study: Analysis of the Physical Factors of Palestinian Bioclimate

Abstract

This study analyses the physical factors of the Palestinian bioclimate, the mean monthly and annual temperature, mean monthly maximum temperature, and mean monthly minimum temperature using data from six weather stations from the Palestine Meteorological Department, recorded in two periods: The first period from 1969 to 1981, the second period from 1975 to 1995 (more than 32 years). Statistical tests included a bioclimatic analysis of Palestinian meteorological stations for the periods from 1969-1981 and 1975-1995 by using bioclimatic classification of the Earth of Rivas Martinez Salvador, with regard to thermicity index, compensated thermicity index, annual ombrothermic index, and simple continentality index. The bioclimate of Palestineis affected by various factors, such as the Jordanian-Syrian desert, and its natural geography and topography, among others as well as biodiversity. Annual ombrothermic index value ranging between 0.6 to 3.4 and simple continentality index was from 12.4 to 18.1. It is concluded that the occupied Palestinian territories belong to the arid, semiarid, dry, sub-humid and humid ombrotype, and the Inframediterranean, Thermomediterranean and Mesomediterranean bioclimatic belt.

A Phytosociological of Plant Communities and Biodiversity in the East-South of Idna Village-Hebron of Palestine

“…Group I (P1, P2, P5, P9, P11, P12, P14 and [19], this is a pine-tree forest characterized at the Idna village flora elements such as: Quercus libani G. Olivier, Quercus caliprinos Webb., Ceratonia siliqua L., Alain together with the endemic species Quercus look Kotschy, Tamarix palaestina Bertol and Tamarix jordanis L. this forest develops in the infra-thermomediterranean dry bioclimatic belt and it is growing in Mediterranean maquis and forest [2] [3], with the terra rose and brown rendzinas territory, we proposed pine-tree forest (Abu Salman Forest Reserve), group I or association ASL 1: 1 -16 Pino halepinsis-Quercetum lookii (Table 1).…”

“…Climate change [2] [3], the growth of the population, the increase in the population density, and the occupation of the Palestinian territories occupied in 1967, including Abu Salman Forest Reserve and other Palestinian areas, will give us a serious indication of the loss of many endemic, semi-endemic and native plants in Palestine, thus eliminating a large part of the vegetation, flora and biodiversity in the future of Palestine.…”

“…Groups II include species collected in Abu Salman Forest Reserve, a relives 3 to 15 represents the infra-thermotropical forest, and dry-subhumid ombrotype (Annual ombrothermic index = 1.5 -2.8 [2] [3], which is 3.5 -6 m high, with a 45% -90% cover rate. This forest is characterized by the endemic trees Pyrus syriaca Boiss.…”

“…Palestine has a wide range of agro-ecological concerns, particular geographic How to cite this paper: Ighbareyeh J.M.H., and Cano Carmona, E. (2018) A Phytosociological of Plant Communities and Biodiversity in the East-South of Idna Vil-International Journal of Geosciences location, with a series of environmental, a unique biodiversity and a large variety of plants [1] [2] [3], it has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by mild rainy winters and hot dry summers, with a tropical-subtropical tendency in the far south, and rainfall decreases from north to south, while the temperature increases [2]. Climate and bioclimate were played an important role in influence on plant communities, plant production, and biological resources [1]- [20].…”

Assessing Crop Yield Sustainability under the Climatic and Bioclimatic Change in the Area of Palestine

“…Therefore, Palestine is situated in the subtropical dry lands of south-western Asia at a very sensitive climatic position. Palestine bioclimatic belt belongs to the infra-Mediterranean to meso-Mediterranean thermo-type [10]. The atmosphere of Palestine is clear and its air is pure.…”