Case study of the constraints and potential contributions regarding wind curtailment in Northeast China

Xiong, Weiming; Wang, Yu; Mathiesen, Brian Vad; Zhang, Xiliang

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2016.03.093

Cited by 53 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In separate plans for renewable energy development (see Table 4), regional integration and cooperation have been further emphasized as important aspects for regionally balanced development. Electrification was addressed as a key measure to improve air quality, thus 12 interregional transmission lines have been approved to be built in order to get access to the western RE resources [60].…”

Section: Beijing-tianjin-hebei Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy System Transitions in the Eastern Coastal Metropolitan Regions of China—The Role of Regional Policy Plans

2019

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With an expected accelerated urbanization process until 2050, China is facing big challenges of mitigating CO2 emissions, especially in the eastern coastal metropolitan regions. Since cities are the hubs for innovation regarding new technologies and infrastructures, investments and governance, they are playing an important role in decision-making and implementation processes on the way to a decarbonized economy and society. The national and provincial administrations in China have already started to address the issue of energy system transition toward a low-carbon pathway, but long-term integrated transition plans are not yet available on a regional level. In our paper, we therefore consider the main challenges of the energy system transition, such as efficiency improvement, coal reduction, decarbonization of transport, and multisector electrification with regional integration, focusing on two eastern coastal metropolitan regions of China. A systematic review of current near-term policies reveals how far these challenges have already been addressed on different administrative levels and which gaps may exist from an external perspective. Based on the current decision- and policy-making processes among national, regional, provincial and municipal levels, policy implications are identified with regard to an effective energy system transition in eastern China.

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Section: Beijing-tianjin-hebei Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy System Transitions in the Eastern Coastal Metropolitan Regions of China—The Role of Regional Policy Plans

2019

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“…In addition to the qualitative analysis method, model demonstration and case study are used in the studies [31,32]. All these studies provide important inspirations for the establishment of the analytical framework and research of the paper.…”

Section: Analytical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why the Wind Curtailment of Northwest China Remains High

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The total grid-connected installed capacity of wind power in northwest China has grown from 16,260 MW in 2013 to 43,290 MW in 2016; an increase of 88.7% each year. However, this region has suffered from increasingly serious wind curtailment since 2014, and the wind curtailment amount accounts for nearly a half of China's total. The wind curtailment rate of Gansu Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in this area has increased and remains high. This paper constructs an analytical model to explore the reasons of the high wind curtailment of these three provinces from the four aspects of the wind power supply capacity, demand, grid transmission capacity, power system flexibility and market mechanism and laws. The results show that the relationship between the wind energy distribution and supply and the local load is incompatible, which is the source causing the high wind curtailment in northwest China. On the one hand, the game between the local government and developers has driven the development of wind power bases. On the other hand, the electricity sector is growing slowly and oversupply of electricity is seen in many areas of China. The wind power grid of northwest China not only faces limit of grid transmission capacity, but also constraint of insufficient flexibility of the electricity system. Presently, China has not set up a market mechanism and subsidy mechanism for the peak load adjustment, thus the thermal power companies lack motivation to voluntarily adjust the peak load. Moreover, the regional segregation and market barriers are also obstacles for the wind power outward transmission.

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“…However, because of the intermittent characteristic of renewable energy, the power output may substantially decrease or increase within a few minutes due to weather events (such as an eclipse, no wind, or strong wind). Such circumstances are typically managed by using pre-established spinning reserves and storage systems [3]. However, all these methods require additional costs and are unable to effectively use renewable energy.Some studies on the ramp rate of power generating units after the integration of renewable energy into the system are described as follows.…”

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Optimal Unit Commitment by Considering High Penetration of Renewable Energy and Ramp Rate of Thermal Units-A case study in Taiwan

Wang

Kuo

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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When large amounts of wind power and solar photovoltaic (PV) power are integrated into an independent power grid, the intermittent renewable energy destabilizes power output. Therefore, this study explored the unit commitment (UC) optimization problem; the ramp rate was applied to solve problems with 30 and 10 min of power shortage. The data of actual unit parameters were provided by the Taiwan Power Company. The advanced priority list method was used together with a combination of a generalized Lagrangian relaxation algorithm and a random feasible directions algorithm to solve a large-scale nonlinear mixed-integer programming UC problem to avoid local and infeasible solutions. The results showed that the proposed algorithm was superior to improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) and simulated annealing (SA) in terms of the minimization of computation time and power generation cost. The proposed method and UC results can be effective information for unit dispatch by power companies to reduce the investment costs of power grids and the possibility of renewable energy being disconnected from the power system. Thus, the proposed method can increase the flexibility of unit dispatch and the proportion of renewable energy in power generation. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 421 2 of 14 solar PV and wind power generation, respectively. The short-term goal comprised a total installed capacity of PV of 1520 MW and cumulative installed capacities of onshore and offshore wind power of 814 and 520 MW, respectively [2].In the traditional unit commitment (UC) problem, the startup and shutdown times of various units and the power output within a dispatch time period of 1 day to 1 week or even 1 month to 1 season are planned according to the system load to achieve the lowest operating cost. In addition, with the load requirement being satisfied, the traditional unit commitment problem ensures that the criteria for the operation of each unit can be met. These criteria include the upper and lower limits of power output for each unit, the ramp rates of the units, and the balance between the supply of and demand for electricity. However, because of the intermittent characteristic of renewable energy, the power output may substantially decrease or increase within a few minutes due to weather events (such as an eclipse, no wind, or strong wind). Such circumstances are typically managed by using pre-established spinning reserves and storage systems [3]. However, all these methods require additional costs and are unable to effectively use renewable energy.Some studies on the ramp rate of power generating units after the integration of renewable energy into the system are described as follows. Correa-Posada et al. used a dynamic ramping model, namely mixed-integer linear programming, which considered the flexibility of ramping limits to reduce the dynamic errors caused during ramping [4]. Ding and Bie used the IEEE 118 bus as an example; the Lagrangian relaxation method was integrated with the diagonal quadratic approximation method to solve t...

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Case study of the constraints and potential contributions regarding wind curtailment in Northeast China

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Energy System Transitions in the Eastern Coastal Metropolitan Regions of China—The Role of Regional Policy Plans

Energy System Transitions in the Eastern Coastal Metropolitan Regions of China—The Role of Regional Policy Plans

Why the Wind Curtailment of Northwest China Remains High

Optimal Unit Commitment by Considering High Penetration of Renewable Energy and Ramp Rate of Thermal Units-A case study in Taiwan

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