Cashew crop propagation

Abstract

The cashew tree, a genuinely Brazilian fruit tree, is grown mainly because of its nuts and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), widely used in industry. Of great food importance, the cashew apple also presents economic representativeness in Brazil. With great variability, the culture has recently begun researches for improvement, with selection of new clones, more productive and with specific purpose. Usually propagated from seeds to produce new orchards, which has been replaced by vegetative propagation using the seed only for rootstocks production. Vegetative propagation by lateral grafting is the mainly technique used to multiplicated this crop, but various clonal propagation techniques, such air layering and tissue culture have been attempted. The last one, however, needs further studies because of their high costs.

El marañón (Anacardium occidentale L.) un cultivo con potencial productivo: desarrollo tecnológico y perspectivas en Colombia

“…El común o gigante, de origen brasileño, puede alcanzar alturas hasta de 20 m, no obstante, es más frecuente encontrarlo entre 8 a 15 m de altura (Arango Wiesner & Román Hoyos, 2007). El enano precoz es originario de selecciones fenotípicas realizadas a partir de 1960 en Brasil, se caracteriza por su porte bajo, propagado a partir de semilla (Geraldo Martins et al, 2019), no supera los 5 m de altura y 8 m de diámetro de la copa, se propaga a partir de plantas injertadas, tienen una altura promedio de 4 m (Lopes Serrano & de Paula Pessoa, 2016). El criollo llanero crece de forma silvestre en los Llanos orientales de Colombia, se caracteriza por alcanzar una altura entre 2 a 3 m, tiene uno o dos troncos retorcidos y la copa es asimétrica (Arango Wiesner & Román Hoyos, 2007).…”

Stem Cuttings as Propagules for Vegetative Propagation of Cashew (<em>Anacardium occidentale</em> L.)

“…However, the skilled labour for practical engagement with these techniques is lacking. Propagation by air-layering, cuttings, and micropropagation techniques have also been attempted but with limited success (Martins et al 2019). However, some of these techniques are time-consuming, thus, efficiency is low for large-scale production.…”